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Waste plastic-derived NiO-MWCNT composite as visible light photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue dye

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Abstract

Low-cost and visible light photocatalysts are essential to achieve industrial-scale photocatalysis. Towards this goal, waste-derived preparation of nanophotocatalysts can be an important direction. Herein, we report waste-derived preparation of nickel oxide–multiwall carbon nanotube (NiO-MWCNT) and its application for visible light photocatalysis to degrade methylene blue (MB) dye. NiO nanoparticle (size ~ 4 nm) was prepared by the coprecipitation method. NiO-MWCNT composite was prepared by thermocatalytic pyrolysis using NiO nanoparticle and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste plastic. The average length and diameter of MWCNT were found to be ~ 300 nm and 66 nm, respectively. The NiO-MWCNT composite photocatalyst is found to have a band gap of 3.02 eV along with characteristic CNTs X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak (26.12°), Raman D, G peaks. The decolorization% of MB dye is achieved up to 92.4% using NiO-MWCNT catalyst under 28 W light-emitting diode (LED) visible light within 1 h. The decolorization% for 1 Sun equivalent light exposure is found to be 87.45% within 1 h. A degradation pathway of MB dye has been proposed based on the ESI–MS data leading to the formation of different intermediate fragments of m/z 214, 193, 186, 167, 158, 150, 141, 125, 114, 109, and 102. The study will generate momentum in solar-based industrial-scale photocatalysis for pollutant management and other solar-based chemical transformations.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge DST-SERB, Government of India, for financial support through SERB projects (No. EMR/2016/ 004219) sanctioned to Dr. Mrityunjoy Mahato. We also thank SAIF, NEHU, Shillong, for providing TEM Facilities. The Department of BSSS is acknowledged for UV–visible spectrophotometer. We thank the Department of Nanotechnology, NEHU, for XRD measurement and CDRI-Lucknow for ESI-MS facility.

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  1. Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, School of Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India

    Abhijit Nath, Aunggat Shah & Mrityunjoy Mahato

  2. Department of Nanotechnology, School of Technology, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India

    L. Robindro Singh

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All authors contributed to the design of the experimental concept. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Abhijit Nath. The data recording and analysis help was made by L Robindro Singh. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Abhijit Nath and finalized by Mrityunjoy Mahato. All authors commented on the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.

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Nath, A., Shah, A., Singh, L.R. et al. Waste plastic-derived NiO-MWCNT composite as visible light photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue dye. Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng. 6, 70 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41204-021-00163-8

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