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Double Acting Compression Mechanism (DACM) for Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting in 33-Mode Operation

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Abstract

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting (PVEH) has been emerged as an alternative solution for sustainable powering to electronics. It has been well known that a PZT stack operating in 33-mode has higher mechanical to electrical energy conversion efficiency and higher mechanical reliability, compared to a cantilevered PZT bimorph operating in 31-mode. However, there are two challenges to improve the output performance of a PZT stack at a low frequency environment. First, the lower tensile strength of a PZT stack compared to the compressive strength makes it difficult to fully utilize maximum strain at harsh vibration conditions. Second, the relatively high stiffness of a PZT stack prevents being resonant with a base structure vibrating at a low frequency. To solve these challenges, this study thus proposes a double acting compression mechanism (DACM)-based PVEH stack operating in 33-mode. The DACM-based PVEH stack can convert mechanical vibration into elevated two-way compressive loading. The analytic model is used to investigate the electroelastic behaviors of the DACM-based PVEH device at given vibration conditions. The comparative study is performed to verify the effectiveness of the DACM-based PVEH stack over other mechanisms. It can be concluded that the DACM-based PVEH stack enables to generate higher power with the same volume of PZT using elevated two-way compressive loading.

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Abbreviations

M :

Mass of a weight

c :

Damping coefficient

k :

Stiffness of a spring

x :

Displacement of a damped single degree-of-freedom system

y :

Displacement of base excitation

X :

Maximum displacement

Y :

Maximum displacement of base excitation

ω :

Angular natural frequency

ζ :

Damping ratio

F T :

Maximum compressive load applied to a PZT stack

r :

Frequency ratio

S :

Strain

T :

Stress

E :

Elastic field

D :

Electric displacement

s E :

Elastic compliance at constant electric field

d :

Piezoelectric coupling coefficient

ε :

Dielectric permittivity

x cs :

Displacement of a PZT stack

h :

Thickness of a piezoelectric layer

A cs :

Cross-sectional area

F :

Actuation force to a PZT stack

Q :

Electric charge

V :

Output voltage

n :

The number of piezoelectric layers

L :

Length of a PZT stack

P :

Output electric power

R :

External electrical resistance

C :

Capacitance

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Acknowledgements

This research was partially supported by the Main Project of Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (Project Code: NK213E). This research was also supported by the National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the Korea Government (MSIT) (No. CAP-17-04-KRISS).

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Author notes

  1. Byung Chang Jung and Heonjun Yoon contributed equally to this work as the first author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of System Dynamics, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea

    Byung C. Jung

  2. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Heonjun Yoon

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Correspondence to Byung C. Jung.

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Jung, B.C., Yoon, H. Double Acting Compression Mechanism (DACM) for Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting in 33-Mode Operation. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 6, 681–690 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00039-y

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