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Associations between residential greenness and blood lipids in Chinese elderly population

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Abstract

Objective

Previous studies on residential green space were inconsistent with blood lipid levels and hyperlipidemia. Thus, our study aims to explore the relationship between urban residential greenness and the blood lipid level and hyperlipidemia of the Chinese elderly population.

Methods

A total of 59,865 older adults were collected from the Shenzhen healthy aging Research (SHARE). Blood lipid levels [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] were measured. Participants’ exposure to residential greenness was measured by the satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and logistic regression were performed to assess the associations of residential greenness with lipid levels and dyslipidemia (high TG, high TC, low HDL-C, and high LDL-C).

Results

Each per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in NDVI250-m was associated with a higher HDL-C level (β = 0.003, 95% (confidence interval, CI):0.001–0.005) and lower TG level (β = − 0.005, 95% CI − 0.141–0.121), after fully adjusting for covariates. Each increment in per interquartile range (IQR)-unit increase in NDVI250-m was associated with lower odds of high TG (odds ratio, OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97) and low HDL-C (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.99). The NDVI250-m has the highest protective effect on the incidence of high TG and low HDL-C, followed by NDVI500-m and NDVI1250-m. Stratified analyses showed that association between residential greenness and hyperlipidemia was modified by sex, age, BMI, household registration, and physical activity.

Conclusion

Higher greenness exposure was beneficially associated with lipid levels and dyslipidemia among Chinese city-dwelling older adults.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all individuals who participated in the physical examination. We also thank all the medical staff in the community health service centers in Shenzhen.

Funding

Z.G.Z was supported by Shenzhen medical key discipline construction fund and Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (Grant No. SZSM201811093). J.X. was supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. KCXFZ20201221173600001). W.Q.N. was supported by the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (grant number A2022082). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, writing, or the decision to submit this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    J. Xu, X. Yuan, W. Ni, Y. Sun, H. Zhang, Y. Zhang & Z. Zhao

  2. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430040, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    P. Ke & M. Xu

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  1. J. Xu
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  2. X. Yuan
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  3. W. Ni
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Contributions

Z.G.Z. designed the study. W.Q.N. contributed data. H.M. Z. drafted the analysis plan. J.X. performed the statistical analysis and wrote the manuscript. Y.Y.S., P.K, and M.Z.X., contributed to the statistical analysis. WQN, XLY and YZ interpreted the data and made many substantial contributions to the data analysis, such as data analysis and interpretation in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Z.G.Z is the guarantors of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors reviewed and edited the manuscript and approved of its submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Z. Zhao.

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The authors declare no competing interests and funding in our study.

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The study was approved by the Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control Human Ethics Committee (No. SZCCC-2021-061-01-PJ).

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As claims data were provided anonymously, informed consent was exempted by the Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control Human Ethics Committee.

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All authors declare that they agree to the manuscript publish to Journal of Endocrine Investigation.

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All procedures performed in studies invovling human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and the study was approved by the Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control Human Ethics Committee (No. SZCCC-2021-061-01-PJ), and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Xu, J., Yuan, X., Ni, W. et al. Associations between residential greenness and blood lipids in Chinese elderly population. J Endocrinol Invest 45, 2329–2339 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-022-01870-y

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