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High rate of detection of ultrasound signs of prostatitis in patients with HPV-DNA persistence on semen: role of ultrasound in HPV-related male accessory gland infection

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Abstract

Background

Papillomavirus (HPV) often occurs in the semen of patients with male accessory gland infection (MAGI). Ultrasound (US) evaluation has been suggested as a promising diagnostic tool for patients with HPV-related MAGI. No data on the spontaneous clearance of HPV-DNA have been reported so far in HPV-related MAGI.

Purpose

The primary aim of the study was to assess the percentage of early HPV-DNA spontaneous clearance in patients with prostatitis. The secondary aim was to evaluate the frequency of spontaneous clearance of HPV-DNA among patients with prostatitis associated with the presence or absence of US abnormalities.

Methods

Patients with inflammatory MAGI and at least one suspicious criterion for HPV infection underwent semen HPV-DNA detection and prostate US. The presence of HPV-DNA was further investigated after a 6-month-long follow-up.

Main results

Eighty patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and were recruited in the study. 69% of patients (55/80) showed HPV-DNA persistence in the semen. Among them, 82% (45/55) was positive for US signs of prostatitis, while they occurred only in 12% (3/25) of those patients with no sign of HPV-DNA persistence (p < 0.001). All patients with persistent high-risk HPV genotype (n = 30) showed at least two US signs of prostatitis. In 73% of patients (22/30), E6 and E7 mRNAs were detected.

Conclusion

US signs of prostatitis more frequently occurred in patients with evidence of HPV-DNA persistence on semen, especially in those with high-risk genotypes. This highlights the importance of US in the framework of HPV-related MAGI.

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Abbreviations

HPV:

Papillomavirus

MAGI:

Male accessory gland infection

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

US:

Ultrasound

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    S. La Vignera, R. A. Condorelli, R. Cannarella, F. Giacone, L. Mongioi’ & A. E. Calogero

  2. Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    G. Scalia

  3. Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    V. Favilla, G. I. Russo, S. Cimino & G. Morgia

Authors
  1. S. La Vignera
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  2. R. A. Condorelli
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  3. R. Cannarella
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  4. F. Giacone
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  5. L. Mongioi’
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  6. G. Scalia
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  7. V. Favilla
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  8. G. I. Russo
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  9. S. Cimino
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  10. G. Morgia
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  11. A. E. Calogero
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Contributions

SLV, RC and AEC designed the study. RC and LM carried out the bibliographic research, the statistical analysis and the text correction. FG carried out the seminological evaluations. GS carried out virological evaluations. VF, GR and SC clinically evaluated the patients together with SLV and AEC. GM has critically evaluated the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. La Vignera.

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The authors declare no conflict of interests in this study.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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La Vignera, S., Condorelli, R.A., Cannarella, R. et al. High rate of detection of ultrasound signs of prostatitis in patients with HPV-DNA persistence on semen: role of ultrasound in HPV-related male accessory gland infection. J Endocrinol Invest 42, 1459–1465 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-019-01069-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-019-01069-8

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