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Gut microbiome and microbial metabolites: a new system affecting metabolic disorders

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Abstract

Introduction

The gut microbiome is emerging as an important player in the field of metabolic disorders.

Materials and methods

Currently, several studies are ongoing to determine whether the effect of gut microbiome on obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and other metabolic diseases is determined by singular species or rather by a functional role of bacterial metabolism at higher taxonomical level. Deciphering if a single or more species are responsible for metabolic traits or rather microbial metabolic pathways are responsible for effects on host metabolism may help to identify appropriate dietary interventions to support microbial functions according to the prevalent host disease. Furthermore, the combination of metagenomics and metabolomics-based signature might be applied in the future to improve the risk prediction in healthy subjects.

Conclusion

In this review, I will summarize the current findings regarding the role of gut microbiome and metabolites in metabolic disorders to argue whether the current achievements may be translated into clinical practice.

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Acknowledgements

This review isbased on the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) career award lecture. M.F. work related to this manuscript was in part funded by EU-FP7 FLORINASH (Health-F2-2009-241913), Ministry of University (MIUR) Progetti di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) protocol number 2015MPESJS_004, Ministry of Health Ricerca Finalizzata RF-2011-02349921, Fondazione Roma call for Non-Communicable Diseases NCD 2014. The author thanks Dr. Carla Pietrini for editorial assistance.

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  1. Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy

    M. Federici

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Federici, M. Gut microbiome and microbial metabolites: a new system affecting metabolic disorders. J Endocrinol Invest 42, 1011–1018 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-019-01022-9

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