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Circulating insulin-like peptide 5 levels and its association with metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

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Abstract

Purpose

Insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5) is a gut peptide hormone that is a member of relaxin/insulin superfamily. Growing evidence implicates the crucial role of the peptide in some metabolisms including food intake, glucose homeostasis and reproductive system. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is involved in both reproductive and metabolic issues. The aim of the study was determination of circulating levels of INSL5 alteration in women with PCOS and evaluation of the relationship between INSL5 and hormonal-metabolic parameters as well as carotid intima media thickness (cIMT).

Methods

A total of 164 subjects were recruited in this cross-sectional study (82 women with PCOS and 82 age- and BMI-matched controls). Circulating INSL5 levels were assessed via ELISA method. High-resolution B-mode ultrasound was used to measure cIMT. The hormonal and metabolic parameters of the recruited subjects were determined.

Results

Circulating INSL5 levels were significantly elevated in women with PCOS compared to controls (27.63 ± 7.74 vs. 19.90 ± 5.85 ng/ml, P < 0.001). The mean values of INSL5 were significantly higher in overweight subjects compared to lean weight subjects in both groups. The women with PCOS having insulin resistance have increased INSL5 compared to those of PCOS subjects without insulin resistance. INSL5 is associated with insulin resistance, BMI, luteinizing hormone and free androgen index. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds ratio for having PCOS in the highest tertile of INSL5 was higher than in the lowest tertile.

Conclusions

PCOS subjects exhibited an elevation in circulating INSL5 levels along with a link between INSL5 level induction and metabolic-hormonal parameters.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CI:

Confidence interval

cIMT:

Carotid intima media thickness

CV:

Coefficient of variability

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

DHEA-S:

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

FAI:

Free androgen index

FBG:

Fasting blood glucose

FG:

Ferriman–Gallwey

GLP-1:

Glucagon-like peptide-1

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

HOMA-IR:

Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

Hs-CRP:

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein

INSL-5:

Insulin-like peptide 5

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

OGTT:

Oral glucose tolerance test

OR:

Odds ratio

PCOS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome

ROC:

Receiver operating characteristic

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

VIF:

Variance inflation factor

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Funding

This study has not been funded by any organizations.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Park Hospital, 35575, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Bicer

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Tepecik, 35120, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Alan

  3. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, 35170, Izmir, Turkey

    P. Alarslan, G. U. Kocabas & Mehmet Calan

  4. Department of Family Physician, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, 35170, Izmir, Turkey

    A. Guler & A. M. Isil

  5. Department of Radiology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, 35170, Izmir, Turkey

    C. Imamoglu

  6. Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Tepecik, 35120, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Aksit

  7. Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Bozyaka, 35170, Izmir, Turkey

    G. Bozkaya

  8. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Private Gynecology Clinic, 35172, Izmir, Turkey

    A. Baloglu

  9. Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    B. Aslanipoiur

Authors
  1. M. Bicer
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Contributions

MC, AG, MB, MA, PA, GUK participated in study design, and GB and MA performed ELISA. MB, MC, AG, MA, AB, AMI, BA and CI participated in study design, analyzed the data, wrote, reviewed and edited the manuscript. MB, AG, MC, GUK and PA provided serum samples and contributed to discussions of data interpretation. CI measured carotid intima media thickness of the participants. All authors reviewed and edited the manuscript. MC is the guarantor of this work and, as such, has full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehmet Calan.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study adhered strictly to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2008.

Informed consent

The subjects gave their oral and written informed consent before their inclusion in the study.

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

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Bicer, M., Alan, M., Alarslan, P. et al. Circulating insulin-like peptide 5 levels and its association with metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 42, 303–312 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-018-0917-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-018-0917-x

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