Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Italian consensus for the classification and reporting of thyroid cytology

  • Consensus Statement
  • Published:
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Vitti P, Rago T, Elisei R et al (2008) Gestione clinica del paziente con patologia nodulare tiroidea: Consenso Italiano. L’Endocrinologo 9(Suppl. 4):S1–S16 (LoE n.a.)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fadda G, Basolo F, Bondi A et al (2010) Cytological classification of thyroid nodules. Proposal of the SIAPEC-IAP Italian Consensus Working Group. Pathologica 102:405–408 (LoE n.a.)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, AACE/AME/ETA Task Force on Thyroid Nodules et al (2010) American Association of clinical endocrinologists, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and European Thyroid association: Medical Guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract 33(5):1–56 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR et al (2009) Management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 19:1167–1214 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ross DS (2002) Nonpalpable thyroid nodules—managing an epidemic. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1938–1940 (LoE n.a.)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Moon WJ, Jun Moon WJ, Baek JH et al (2011) Ultrasonography and the ultrasound-based management of thyroid nodules: consensus statement and recommendations. Korean J Radiol 12:1–14 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bastin S, Bolland MJ, Croxson MS (2009) Role of ultrasound in the assessment of nodular thyroid disease. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 53:177–187 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Sipos JA (2009) Advances in ultrasound for the diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer. Thyroid 19:1363–1372 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bartolazzi A, Orlandi F, Saggiorato E et al (2008) Galectin-3-expression analysis in the surgical selection of follicular thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine-needle aspiration cytology: a prospective multicentre study. Lancet Oncol 95:43–49 (LoE ⊗ ⊗ ◯)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fadda G, Rossi ED, Raffaelli M et al (2011) Follicular thyroid neoplasms can be classified as low- and high-risk according to HBME-1 and Galectin-3 expression on liquid-based fine-needle cytology. Eur J Endocrinol 165:447–453 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cantara S, Capezzone M, Marchisotta S et al (2010) Impact of proto-oncogene mutation detection in cytological specimens from thyroid nodules improves the diagnostic accuracy of cytology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:1365–1369 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Nikiforov YE, Steward DL, Robinson-Smith TM et al (2009) Molecular testing for mutations in improving the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94:2092–2098 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Chudova D, Wilde JI, Wang ET et al (2010) Molecular classification of thyroid nodules using high-dimensionality genomic data. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:5296–5304 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Alexander EK, Kennedy GC, Baloch ZW et al (2012) Preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology. N Engl J Med 367:705–715 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kloos R, Reynolds JD, Walsh PS et al (2013) Does addition of BRAF V600E molecular testing modify sensitivity or specificity of the Afirma gene expression classifier in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:E761–E768 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Tonacchera M, Agretti P, Rago T et al (2012) Genetic markers to discriminate benign and malignant thyroid nodules with undetermined cytology in an area of borderline iodine deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 35:754–759

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Jing X, Michael CW, Pu RT (2008) The clinical and diagnostic impact of using standard criteria of adequacy assessment and diagnostic terminology on thyroid nodule fine needle aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol 36:161–166 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA, Asa SL et al (2008) Diagnostic terminology and morphologic criteria for cytologic diagnosis of thyroid lesions: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol 36:425–437 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ali SZ, Cibas ES (2010) The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: definitions, criteria and explanatory notes. Springer, New York (LoE n.a.)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  20. Kocjan G, Cochand-Priollet B, de Agustin PP et al (2010) Diagnostic terminology for reporting thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: European Federation of Cytology Societies thyroid working party symposium, Lisbon 2009. Cytopathology 21:86–92 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. British Thyroid Association Royal College of Physicians (2007) Guidelines for the management of thyroid cancer. In: Perros P (ed.) Report of the Thyroid Cancer Guidelines Update Group. Royal College of Physicians, London, UK, 2nd edition (LoE n.a.)

  22. Cross PA, Chandra A, Giles T, et al (2009) The Royal College of Pathologists. Guidance on the reporting of thyroid cytology specimens. http://www.rcpath.org/resources/pdf/g089guidance on the reporting of thyroid cytology final.pdf (LoE n.a.)

  23. GRADE Working Group website. http://www.gradeworkinggroup.org. (LoE n.a.)

  24. Atkins D, GRADE Working Group et al (2004) Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. Br Med J 328:1490 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Swiglo BA, Murad MH, Schünemann HJ et al (2008) A case for clarity, consistency, and helpfulness: state-of-the-art clinical practice guidelines in endocrinology using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation system. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:666–673 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Frates MC, Benson CB, Charboneau JW et al (2005) Management of thyroid nodules detected at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference statement. Radiology 237:794–800 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kim MJ, Kim EK, Park SI et al (2008) US-guided fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules: indications, techniques, results. Radiographics 28:1869–1886

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Park JM, Choi Y, Kwag HJ (2012) Partially cystic thyroid nodules: ultrasound findings of malignancy. Korean J Radiol 13:530–535 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Lee MJ, Kim EK, Kwak JY, Kim MJ (2009) Partially cystic thyroid nodules on ultrasound: probability of malignancy and sonographic differentiation. Thyroid 19:341–346 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sohn YM, Yoon JH, Moon HJ, Kim EK, Kwak JY (2012) Mixed echoic thyroid nodules on ultrasound: approach to management. Yonsei Med J 53:812–819 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Pitman MB, Abele J, Ali SZ et al (2008) Techniques for thyroid FNA: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol 36:407–424 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Bibbo M, Wilbur DC (2008) Comprehensive Cytopathology, 3rd Edition. Saunders, Elsevier (LoE n.a.)

  33. Park KT, Ahn SH, Mo JH et al (2011) Role of core needle biopsy and ultrasonographic finding in management of indeterminate thyroid nodules. Head Neck 33:160–165 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Na DG, Kim JH, Sung JY et al (2012) Core-needle biopsy is more useful than repeat fine-needle aspiration in thyroid nodules read as nondiagnostic or atypia of undetermined significance by the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. Thyroid 22:468–475 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Samir AE, Vij A, Seale MK et al (2012) Ultrasound-guided percutaneous thyroid nodule core biopsy: clinical utility in patients with prior nondiagnostic fine-needle aspirate. Thyroid 22:461–467 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Fadda G, Rossi ED (2011) Liquid-based cytology in fine-needle aspiration biopsies of the thyroid gland. Acta Cytol 55:389–400 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Rossi ED, Raffaelli M, Zannoni GF et al (2009) Diagnostic efficacy of conventional as compared to liquid-based cytology in thyroid lesions. Evaluation of 10,360 fine needle aspiration cytology cases. Acta Cytol 53:659–666

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Nasrollah N, Trimboli P, Guidobaldi L (2013) Thin core biopsy should help to discriminate thyroid nodules cytologically classified as indeterminate. A new sampling technique. Endocrine 43:659–665 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Gharib H, Goellner JR, Johnson DA (1993) Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid. A 12-year experience with 11,000 biopsies. Clin Lab Med 13:699–709 (LoE n.a.)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Nasuti JF, Gupta PK, Baloch ZW (2002) Diagnostic value and cost-effectiveness of on site evaluation of fine needle aspiration specimens: Review of 5,688 cases. Diagn Cytopatol 27:1–4 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Goellner JR, Gharib H, Grant CS, Johnson DA (1987) Fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid, 1980–1986. Acta Cytol 31:587–590 (LoE ⊗ ◯◯)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Bongiovanni M, Spitale A, Faquin WC, Mazzucchelli L, Baloch ZW (2012) The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: a meta-analysis. Acta Cytol 56:333–339 (LoE ⊗ ⊗ ⊗)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Bongiovanni M, Crippa S, Baloch Z et al (2012) Comparison of 5-tiered and 6-tiered diagnostic systems for the reporting of thyroid cytopathology: a multi-institutional study. Cancer Cytopathol 120:117–125 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Nou E, Kwong N, Alexander LK, et al (2014) Determination of the optimal time interval for repeat evaluation following a benign thyroid nodule aspiration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99:510–516 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

  45. Piana S, Frasoldati A, Ferrari M et al (2011) Is a five-category reporting scheme for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology accurate? Experience of over 18000 FNAs reported at the same institution during 1998–2007. Cytopathology 22:164–173 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Pagni F, Prada M, Goffredo P, et al (2013) Indeterminate for malignancy (Tir3/Thy3 in the Italian and British system for classification) thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology reporting: morphologic criteria and clinical impact Cytopathology: 1–7 (Epub) (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

  47. Rago T, Di Coscio G, Basolo F et al (2007) Combined clinical, thyroid ultrasound and cytological features help to predict thyroid malignancy in follicular and Hurthle cell thyroid lesions: results from a series of 505 consecutive patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 66:13–20 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Renshaw AA (2010) Should “atypical follicular cells” in thyroid fine-needle aspirates be subclassified? Cancer Cytopathol 118:186–189 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Vanderlaan PA, Marqusee E, Krane JF (2011) Usefulness of diagnostic qualifiers for thyroid, fine-needle aspirations with atypia of undetermined significance. Am J Clin Pathol 136:572–577 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Alexander EK (2008) Approach to the patient with a cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodule. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:4175–4182 (LoE n.a.)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Yoon JH, Kwak JY, Kim EK et al (2010) How to approach thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology. Ann Surg Oncol 17:2147–2155 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Faquin WC, Baloch ZW (2010) Fine-Needle aspiration of follicular patterned lesions of the thyroid: diagnosis, management, and follow-up according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) recommendations. Diagn Cytopathol 38:731–739 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Yang J, Schnadig V, Logrono R, Wasserman PG (2007) Fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules: a study of 4703 patients with histologic and clinical correlations. Cancer 5:306–315 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Yoder BJ, Redman R, Massoll NA (2006) Validation of a five-tier cytodiagnostic system for thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies using cytohistologic correlation. Thyroid 16:781–786 (LoE ⊗ ⊗◯)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

Francesco Nardi, Fulvio Basolo, Anna Crescenzi, Guido Fadda, Andrea Frasoldati, Fabio Orlandi, Lucio Palombini, Enrico Papini, Michele Zini, Alfredo Pontecorvi and Paolo Vitti declare they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Nardi

  2. University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Fulvio Basolo & Paolo Vitti

  3. Regina Apostolorum Hospital of Albano, Rome, Italy

    Anna Crescenzi & Enrico Papini

  4. Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore Agostino Gemelli, University Hospital, Rome, Italy

    Guido Fadda & Alfredo Pontecorvi

  5. Hospital Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

    Andrea Frasoldati & Michele Zini

  6. University of Turin, Turin, Italy

    Fabio Orlandi

  7. University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

    Lucio Palombini

Authors
  1. Francesco Nardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fulvio Basolo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anna Crescenzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guido Fadda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andrea Frasoldati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fabio Orlandi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Lucio Palombini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Enrico Papini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Michele Zini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Alfredo Pontecorvi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Paolo Vitti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paolo Vitti.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nardi, F., Basolo, F., Crescenzi, A. et al. Italian consensus for the classification and reporting of thyroid cytology. J Endocrinol Invest 37, 593–599 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0062-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0062-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation