Abstract
The dry sliding behavior of three commercial friction materials (codenamed FM1, FM2, and FM3) tested against a Co-free cermet coating produced by high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) on gray cast-iron discs is investigated. FM1 is a conventional low-metallic friction material, FM2 is developed for using against HVOF-coated discs, and FM3 is a Cu-free friction material with a low content of abrasives and a relatively high concentration of steel fibers. For the tribological evaluation, they are tested on a pin-on-disc (PoD) test rig against Co-free HVOF-coated discs, with particular attention to the running-in stage, which is fundamental for the establishment of a friction layer between the two mating surfaces, i.e., the pin and disc. The PoD tests are performed at room temperature (RT) and a high temperature (HT) of 300 °C. At RT, all materials exhibit a long running-in stage. At HT, no running-in is observed in FM1 and FM2, whereas a shorter running-in period, with respect to the RT case, is observed in FM3 followed by the attainment of a comparatively high coefficient of friction. At RT, the pin wear is mild in all cases but severe at HT. FM3 shows the lowest wear rate at both temperatures. Moreover, the coated disc shows no wear when sliding against the FM3 friction material. All the results are interpreted considering the microstructural characteristics of the friction layers formed on the sliding surfaces. The findings of the present study provide insights into reducing wear in braking system components and hence reducing environmental particulate matter emissions from their wear, through the use of disc coatings.
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Acknowledgements
This study was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement (No. 636592 (LOWBRASYS project)). The authors thank Flame Spray, Roncello, MB, Italy, for the coatings.
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Cinzia MENAPACE. She graduated in materials engineering from the University of Trento in 1999. She received her Ph.D. degree in metallurgical engineering from the University of Padova, Italy, in 2003. She has been working as a junior and senior researcher at the University of Trento for 20 years. Her current position is as a research assistant in metallurgy at the University of Trento, Italy. Her research interests include powder metallurgy, friction materials, and hot workability of metals.
Alessandro MANCINI. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in chemistry at the University of Pavia in 2015, after completing his B.S. and M.S. degrees in the same university. Following the Ph.D. period, he joined Brembo as a research scientist in the Advance R&D Department. His main activities focus on solid material characterization, in particular by means of X-ray techniques such as XRD, Fluorescence, and computed tomography.
Matteo FEDERICI: He obtained his Ph.D. degree in materials, mechatronics, and systems Engineering at the University of Trento, Italy, in 2019. His Ph.D. project aimed at developing and testing new materials for braking systems able to reduce the particulate matter emissions due to the wear of the brake components. Following a Ph.D. period, he joined Brembo as a research scientist.
Giovanni STRAFFELINI. He received his M.S. degree in materials science and engineering from the University of Trento, Italy, in 1989, and his Ph.D. in metallurgical engineering from the University of Padova, in 1993. He is currently a full professor in metallurgy at the University of Trento. His research interests include the mechanical properties of sintered alloys and weldments, the tribological behavior of materials, including friction materials for automotive and aerospace brakes, and the properties of surface engineered surfaces.
Stefano GIALANELLA. He is an associate professor in materials science and technology. His more recent research interests concern phase transformations, high-temperature oxidation and wear of structural alloys and materials for brake systems, nanostructured materials and their microscopy characterization, archaeometry, and cultural heritage issues. On these and related subjects, he teaches courses for undergraduate and graduate students of the Departments of Industrial Engineering and Humanities in the University of Trento, Italy.
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Federici, M., Menapace, C., Mancini, A. et al. Pin-on-disc study of dry sliding behavior of Co-free HVOF-coated disc tested against different friction materials. Friction 9, 1242–1258 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0463-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0463-3