Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Grid Synchronization Phase-Locked Loop Strategy for Unbalance and Harmonic Distortion Conditions

  • Published:
Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The synthesis, design and analysis of a three-phase phase-locked loop (PLL) algorithm under grid voltage uncertainties is presented. Unlike other techniques, the proposed strategy is simple but yet, robust against unbalanced and distorted voltage conditions. The method does not rely on the symmetry of the three-phase voltages, like conventional PLL implementation techniques. Under phase lock, the reference voltage and the output voltage are in synchronism, hence they cross the zero axis at the same time. The proposed PLL implementation exploits this fact, by counting the difference between the zero crossing times of the grid voltage and the output voltage waveform, and generating an error signal proportional to this difference. This error is fed into a PI regulator which forces it to zero over time. The proposed algorithm is compared against two popular PLL techniques. Simulation and experimental results show better performance of the proposed PLL implementation in unbalanced grid voltage conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Carrasco, J., Franquelo, L., Bialasiewicz, J., Galvan, E., Guisado, R., Prats, M., et al. (2006). Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A survey. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 53(2), 1002–1016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chung, S. K. (2000). A phase tracking system for three-phase utility interface inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 15(3), 431–438.

  • Freijedo, F., Yepes, A., Lopez, O., Fernandez-Comesana, P., & Doval-Gandoy, J. (2011). An optimized implementation of phase locked loops for grid applications. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 60(9), 3110–3119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, S., & Barnes, M. (2012). Phase-locked loop for AC systems: Analyses and comparisons. In Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2012).

  • Hammons, T., Boyer, J., Conners, S., Davies, M., Ellis, M., Fraser, M., et al. (2000). Renewable energy alternatives for developed countries. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 15(2), 481–493.

  • Jain, S. R., Ravikirthi, P., & Chilakapati, N. (2014). A novel self-consistent model based optimal filter design for the improved dynamic performance of 3-phase PLLs for phase tracking under grid imperfections. Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems, 22(5), 620–628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karimi-Ghartemani, M. (2012). A unifying approach to single-phase synchronous reference frame PLLs. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 28(10), 4550–4556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liccardo, F., Marino, P., & Raimondo, G. (2010). Robust and fast three-phase PLL tracking system. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(1), 221–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nehrir, M. H., Wang, C., Strunz, K., Aki, H., Ramakumar, R., Bing, J., et al. (2011). A review of hybrid renewable/alternative energy systems for electric power generation: Configurations, control, and applications. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2(4), 392–403.

  • Park, Y., Sul, S. K., Kim, W. C., & Young Lee, H. (2014). Phase-locked loop based on an observer for grid synchronization. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 50(2), 1256–1265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passos, F. O., Carvalho Filho, J. M., Leborgne, R. C., Silveira, P. M., & Ribeiro, P. F. (2015). An alternative approach to locating voltage sag source side at the point of common coupling based on power-flow information. Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems, 26(5), 579–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perez, M., Espinoza, J., Moran, L., Torres, M., & Araya, E. (2008). A robust phase-locked loop algorithm to synchronize static-power converters with polluted AC systems. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 55(5), 2185–2192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phipps, W. S., Duke, R. M., & Harrison, M. J. (2006). A novel three-phase software phase-locked loop. In Power electronics and motion control conference.

  • Rodriguez, P., Pou, J., Bergas, J., Candela, J., Burgos, R., & Boroyevich, D. (2007). Decoupled double synchronous reference frame PLL for power converters control. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 22(2), 584–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seymour, J. (2005). The seven types of power problems. Tech. rep., Schneider Electric Data Center Science Center.

  • State Grid Corporation of China. (October 2012). Grid integration of large-capacity renewable energy sources and use of large-capacity electrical energy storage. Tech. rep., International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

  • Wang, Y. F., & Li, Y. W. (2010). Grid synchronization PLL based on cascaded delayed signal cancellation. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 26(7), 1987–1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiu, L., Li, W., Meiners, J., & Padakanti, R. (2004). A novel all-digital PLL with software adaptive filter. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 39(3), 476–483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Intelligent Robotics and Energy Systems (IRES), Center for Manufacturing Research, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, 38501, USA

    Hicham Chaoui, Okezie Okoye & Mehdy Khayamy

Authors
  1. Hicham Chaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Okezie Okoye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mehdy Khayamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hicham Chaoui.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chaoui, H., Okoye, O. & Khayamy, M. Grid Synchronization Phase-Locked Loop Strategy for Unbalance and Harmonic Distortion Conditions. J Control Autom Electr Syst 27, 463–471 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40313-016-0254-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40313-016-0254-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation