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Factors related to glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan, Iran

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Abstract

Purpose

Glycemic control is traditionally evaluated by monitoring of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). This study aims to explore factors related to glycemic control among pediatrics with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods

This cross‐sectional study was conducted among 454 students aged 6–18 years with T1DM in 2018. Demographic and disease related information were collected by a validated questionnaire. Generalized Linear Models (GLM) were used to investigate the association of explanatory variables with HbA1c concentration.

Results

The mean (SD) age of the participants was 11.7(± 3.3) years. The overall prevalence of suboptimal glycemic control was 85.5% (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Results showed that post pubertal children experienced a significant decrease in HbA1c levels compared to prepubertal children (β =—0.83, p = 0.003). Underweight children had an increase of 1.32% in HBA1c concentration compared with normal weight children (β = 1.32, P = 0.007). We also found that participants with passive smoking had higher HBA1c levels than those without (β = 0.536, P = 0.022).

Conclusions

The results indicated that age, BMI and passive smoking and were significantly associated with HbA1c levels. It is suggested that glycemic control is related to multiple factors and the interaction of these factors with each other may have positive or negative effects on it which should be investigated in future studies. Improved understanding in this area could lead to prevention of deterioration in glycemic control.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Deputy of Health Services at the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences for their collaboration with this research.

Funding

This work was funded by the National Institute for Medical Research Development (grant NO: 958386).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mahin Hashemipour

  2. Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mahin Hashemipour & Silva Hovsepian

  3. Imam Hossein Children’s Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Silva Hovsepian

  4. Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Nafiseh Mozafarian

  5. Isfahan Teachers Research Center, Isfahan, Iran

    Zohreh Motaghi

  6. Noncommunicable Disease Responsible, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Elahe Izadikhah

  7. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Maracy

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  1. Mahin Hashemipour
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  2. Silva Hovsepian
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  3. Nafiseh Mozafarian
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  4. Zohreh Motaghi
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nafiseh Mozafarian or Mohammad Reza Maracy.

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Informed consent was obtained from all the patients.

This study was approved in ethics committee in National Institute for Medical Research Development (research project number;958386).

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Hashemipour, M., Hovsepian, S., Mozafarian, N. et al. Factors related to glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan, Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 20, 1281–1288 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00854-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00854-8

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