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Effects of interval training on cardio metabolic risk factors and nitric oxide in type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval training on cardio metabolic risk factors and nitric oxide in type 2 diabetes patients.

Method

This single blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted at cardiology clinic of Rajaee hospital in Karaj. Thirty female patients with type 2 diabetes randomly assigned to interval training exercise (n = 15) and control (n = 15). In interval training exercise patients received interval training exercise with 18 sessions (three sessions per week). Each training session took 25 min and consists a single set of exercise with 10 time repetitions. Training was performed on a cycle ergometer set in constant watt mode at a pedal cadence of 80–100 revolutions/min. Each repetition of the training takes 60 s and there will be a 60 s recovery pried between each repetition. Each training session include a 3-min warm-up and 2-min cool-down at 50 W for a total of 25 min. Blood samples and of all the subjects were taken at baseline, 3 weeks after intervention and at the end of the study (6 weeks).

Results

In intervention group, comparing with controls participants, a significant decrease were observed in levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and HA1c after training program (p < 0.05). Moreover,exercise significantly increased the level of NOx (p < 0.05). Other cardiometabolic risk factors including SBP, DBP, FPG, LDL, HDL, insulin level, insulin resistance, HR, VO2 max, did not show significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Results of current study showed that interval training as a type of planned physical activity can be effective in lowering cardiovascular risk factors, especially lowering cholesterol and triglycerides, and can also have a beneficial effect on improving NO.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their thanks for partnership of all participant and also Pershan club staffs. We also appreciate Rajaee Hospital research unit for their administrative assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Tahereh Arefirad & Nader Shakeri

  2. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

    Khosro Ebrahim

  3. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani

Authors
  1. Tahereh Arefirad
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  2. Nader Shakeri
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  3. Khosro Ebrahim
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  4. Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani
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Contributions

TA, NS and KE developed the main concept of study. TA and EN and draft of manuscript. All co–authors had contribution and participated in the revision and approval of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nader Shakeri.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Arefirad, T., Shakeri, N., Ebrahim, K. et al. Effects of interval training on cardio metabolic risk factors and nitric oxide in type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 19, 669–674 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00486-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00486-z

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