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Current status and development of external energy-assisted friction stir welding processes: a review

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Abstract

This paper summarizes the status of various external energy-assisted friction stir welding techniques developed till date. Preheating the workpiece material through an external energy source helps overcome the drawbacks of conventional Friction stir welding (FSW) processes while welding hard and high melting point materials. External energy is provided in the form of induction heat, laser heat, resistance heat, arc heat, radiation and ultrasonic vibrations. Significant advantages have been observed while using energy-assisted FSW such as extended process window, improved process parameters and mechanical properties, reduced load and tool wear. The current work reviews the experimental setup developed, dominant process parameters involved, enhanced heating obtained in the process, force reductions achieved, mechanical properties and microstructural characterisations of the joints produced in the various attempts taken in this direction. However, the extent of research done on these variants of thermal heating is still in initial phase. Therefore, the challenges faced in the various processes have also been explained.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India

    Ranamay Saha & Pankaj Biswas

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Saha, R., Biswas, P. Current status and development of external energy-assisted friction stir welding processes: a review. Weld World 66, 577–609 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-021-01228-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-021-01228-7

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