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Organoids as Model Systems for Gastrointestinal Diseases: Tissue Engineering Meets Genetic Engineering

  • Organoid Cultures (Merixtell Huch, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Pathobiology Reports

Abstract

Organoids are three-dimensional culture systems that resemble their organ of origin, are genetically stable, and can phenocopy diseases. They enable modeling of various cancer entities such as gastric or colorectal cancer, in addition to other gastrointestinal tract diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. Genetic engineering tools like CRISPR/Cas9 allow their manipulation to repair mutations or unravel gene functions. Individual patient-derived organoids allow to test therapies in vitro before their in vivo application, bringing personalized medicine to a next level. Organoid biobanks can be used to conduct drug screenings and validate biomarkers. Interactions with microbiota can be investigated in realistic in vitro models. Transplantability of genetically engineered organoids opens up new avenues in the tissue engineering research field. Organoid cultures thus represent a versatile system to model diseases and test therapeutic interventions.

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Acknowledgments

The Stange lab is funded by the European Research Council (#1570398.99), Deutsche Krebshilfe (#111350), Wilhelm-Sander-Stiftung (#2014.104.1), and H.W. & J. Hector Stiftung (M 65.2). Figure 1 was designed with the help of http://www.freepik.com.

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  1. Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Kristin Werner, Jürgen Weitz & Daniel E. Stange

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  1. Kristin Werner
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Correspondence to Daniel E. Stange.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Organoid Cultures.

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Werner, K., Weitz, J. & Stange, D.E. Organoids as Model Systems for Gastrointestinal Diseases: Tissue Engineering Meets Genetic Engineering. Curr Pathobiol Rep 4, 1–9 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40139-016-0100-z

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