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Surface modification of lipid-based nanocarriers for cancer cell-specific drug targeting

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Abstract

Targeted drug delivery systems using nanocarriers for anticancer drugs have been investigated for over several decades. Among the many nanocarrier systems, lipid-based nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers have afforded attention as a carrier system to improve the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Recent efforts have focused on cancer cell-specific drug delivery through the functionalization of the surface of lipid-based nanocarriers with various ligands such as targeting moieties, cell-penetrating peptides, and cell-penetrating homing peptides to overcome non-selectivity, minimize side effects, and enhance antitumor efficacy. However, the use of ligand modification has been limited because the nanocarriers were easily recognized by the mononuclear phagocyte system and thus rapidly removed from the blood circulation. To achieve prolonged systemic circulation, nanocarriers were further modified with protective polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG). Unexpectedly, this presented a PEG dilemma, as the interaction of ligands with the target was hindered and induced poor cellular uptake. Recently, stimuli-sensitive cleavage of the PEG coat, following recognition of the cancer cell microclimate, such as low pH, redox-potential, and over-expressed enzymes, was established to solve this problem. This review presents a comprehensive overview on the current state of surface-modified lipid-based nanocarriers for the improved delivery of anticancer drugs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2016R1A2B4011449). The authors also appreciate the scholarship given to Sang Gon Lee from the Health Fellowship Foundation.

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  1. College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heuksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-756, South Korea

    Chang Hyun Kim, Sang Gon Lee & Young Wook Choi

  2. College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, 330-714, South Korea

    Myung Joo Kang

  3. College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, 704-701, South Korea

    Sangkil Lee

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  1. Chang Hyun Kim
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All authors (C.H. Kim, S.G. Lee, M.J. Kang, S. Lee, and Y.W. Choi) declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Kim, C.H., Lee, S.G., Kang, M.J. et al. Surface modification of lipid-based nanocarriers for cancer cell-specific drug targeting. Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation 47, 203–227 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-017-0329-5

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