Abstract
Lignocellulosic wastes from Amazonian crops are promising for the production of biochar. However, there are scientific gaps concerning the thermodegradation mechanisms of widely diverse biomass. This research explored the relationships between the chemical compounds and the pyrolysis behavior of the açai seed, cocoa pod husk, coconut husk, palm empty fruit bunch, and maize cob by thermogravimetric analysis. The cocoa pod husk and palm empty fruit bunch showed the lowest temperatures of initial degradation (≤ 230 °C) because of the highest proportions of total extractives (≥ 17% dry basis) and ashes (≥ 5.7% dry basis) combined with the lowest contents of holocellulose (≤ 56% dry basis). Biomasses with higher extractives contents showed pronounced mass losses at temperatures ≤ 300 °C. The maize cob, with more holocellulose (68% dry basis), revealed a high maximum rate of thermal degradation of 7.9% min−1 and mass loss between 200 and 400 °C of 65.6% wet basis. The high level of acetone-soluble extractives raised the temperature necessary for the initial thermal degradation of açai seed. The coconut husk, açai seed, and cocoa pod husk were the most suitable wastes for the production of biochar based on the average mass yields (≥ 41% wet basis) at the pyrolysis final temperature of 400 °C.
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The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included in the article. Besides, the datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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The authors express their sincere gratefulness to the Multi-User Biomaterials Laboratory of the Federal University of Lavras (Brazil) for the assistance that was indispensable for carrying out this research.
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National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq—grant number 306793/2019-9) and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES—Finance Code 001).
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TPP contributed with the writing of the initial version, review, and data analysis. JSC and MRA contributed to the data collection. LB and MVS was a major contributor in writing the manuscript, specifically writing the initial version and review. MDRL, AFDJ and MGS were major contributors with the review and editing of the manuscript. PFT contributed with supervision, conceptualization, funding acquisition, and project administration. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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de Paula Protásio, T., da Costa, J.S., Scatolino, M.V. et al. Revealing the influence of chemical compounds on the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic wastes from the Amazonian production chains. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 4491–4508 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03416-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03416-w