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Equilibrium, kinetic, and diffusion models of chromium(VI) removal using Phragmites australis and Ziziphus spina-christi biomass

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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the modeling of chromium (Cr(VI)) removal using globally available plant biomass: Phragmites australis and Ziziphus spina-christi. Biosorption parameters were initial Cr(VI) concentration (50–800 mg L−1), contact time (1–180 min), adsorbent dose (0.25–2.0 g L−1), and pH (2–8) at agitation speed of 100 rpm. Based on the results of batch experiments and modeling, pseudo-second-order model was fitted to the experimental data where R2 = 0.99; besides, diffusion model played a significant role in the rate-determining step. Isotherm models were fitted in the order of Langmuir > Freundlich > Temkin models. Maximum adsorption capacities were recorded 21.32 mg g−1 and 15.55 mg g−1 for Phragmites australis and Ziziphus spina-christi, respectively. Insights into biosorption behavior were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). SEM–EDX revealed the chromium presence and its accumulation on both biosorbents after the biosorption process. Cr(VI) biosorption mechanism is illustrated and can be related to electrostatic interactions, reduction and chelation/complexation with the functional groups of both adsorbents.

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Acknowledgements

The first and second authors would like to thank the team of “Green Technology Group,” Environmental Sciences Department and the research project entitled: Smart wireless sensor network to detect and purify water salinity and pollution for agriculture irrigation (SMARTWATIR), ERANETMED; Grant Number: 3.227. Furthermore, the support of Science, Technology, and Innovation Funding Authority (STDF-STIFA), Egypt, for the Project ID: 42961.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt

    A. E. D. Mahmoud, M. Fawzy & A. Obaid

  2. Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt

    A. E. D. Mahmoud & M. Fawzy

  3. National Biotechnology Network of Expertise (NBNE), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 11334, Cairo, Egypt

    A. E. D. Mahmoud & M. Fawzy

  4. Division of Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 21526, Alexandria, Egypt

    G. Hosny

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  1. A. E. D. Mahmoud
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  2. M. Fawzy
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Correspondence to A. E. D. Mahmoud.

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Editorial responsibility: Jing Chen.

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Mahmoud, A.E.D., Fawzy, M., Hosny, G. et al. Equilibrium, kinetic, and diffusion models of chromium(VI) removal using Phragmites australis and Ziziphus spina-christi biomass. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 18, 2125–2136 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02968-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02968-7

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