Abstract
Greener and cost-effective activated carbon material with antimicrobial property may be a captivating alternative to biofouling prone commercial activated carbon. In this view, a green composite was prepared by fabricating surface of the carbon obtained from pods of Delonix regia (DRP), using green silver nanoparticles. These green silver nanoparticles exhibited ease of preparation and eco-friendlier nature, providing unique and desired combination of structure–function relationship. The aqueous leaf extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata was used as a green reducing/stabilizing agent. The prepared composite was characterized through standard morphological and chemical characterization techniques, and its potential applications for treatment of various biological and organic contaminants in wastewater were investigated. A removal efficiency of ~ 98–99% and 97.6% was achieved for Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli cells, respectively. To understand the plausible anti-bacterial mechanism, standard biochemical assays were performed. Further, removal of Candida albicans, biological load reduction in two natural lakes and dye removal studies were undertaken. The composite exhibited a broad range and comparatively higher antimicrobial activity than the nascent DRP. Green carbon composite could also successfully treat both cationic and anionic dyes. Thus, the fabrication of nascent carbon surface with green silver nanoparticles in preparation of the composite proved as an efficient strategy in the development of a multifunctional material with wide range of antimicrobial activity. The prepared composite may thus be a promising material for effective wastewater treatment with good potential for removal of both microbial and chemical contaminants for safe water disinfection.
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The authors would like to acknowledge Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility (SAIF) center, Panjab University, SAIF, IIT Madras, SAIF STIC, Cochin, SAEF, NEERI, Nagpur and SICART Gujarat for various material characterization support.
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Louis, M.R., Sorokhaibam, L.G., Chaudhary, S.K. et al. Silver-loaded biomass (Delonix regia) with anti-bacterial properties as porous carbon composite towards comprehensive water purification. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17, 2415–2432 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02528-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02528-8