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Cultivation of Ascochloris sp. ADW007-enriched microalga in raw dairy wastewater for enhanced biomass and lipid productivity

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Abstract

A potential microalgal strain was isolated from dairy industrial effluent contaminated water and genetically identified as a close relative of Ascochloris sp. The current study demonstrates growth, biomass and lipid productivity of Ascochloris sp. ADW007 and simultaneous bioremediation of raw dairy waste water (RDW). Indoor microalgal cultivation studies were conducted in controlled conditions of light and temperature, while outdoor pilot-scale experiments were performed in errant conditions using semi-cylindrical barrel shaped open troughs. The rate of biomass productivity of ADW007 was improved with RDW as growth nutrient in indoor bench-scale (0.102 ± 0.003 g/L/d) and outdoor pilot-scale cultivations (0.207 ± 0.003 g/L/d) when compared with the algal growth in synthetic BG 11 medium (0.086 ± 0.004 g/L/d) and TAP medium (0.099 ± 0.003 g/L/d), respectively. Similarly, in outdoor conditions, the lipid content reached maximum to 34.98 ± 0.21% with volumetric and areal lipid productivities of 0.072 ± 0.001 g/L/d and 9.63 ± 0.08 g/m2/d, respectively. With this, the estimated annual algal oil production is nearly 20,495 ± 1953 gallons/acre/yr, if cultivated throughout the year. C18:0/C18:1 were the predominant fatty acids in lipid which indicates a great potential of ADW007 for biodiesel production and simultaneous bioremediation processes using RDW. Post-harvesting process includes hollow fiber filtration followed by activated carbon treatment and resulted in 95.1, 79.7 and 98.1% reduction in chemical oxygen demand, nitrate and total phosphate, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Director, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Gujarat, India, for supporting this research. The research work is financially supported by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), under All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP)—EAAI program, Government of India with Grant No. VVN/RES/DRET-LBT/2014/1 and Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, GUJCOST Minor Research Project with Grant No. GUJCOST/MRP/2014-15/2016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Post box No. 2, Near BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India

    A. K. Kumar, S. Sharma, E. Shah, B. S. Parikh, A. Patel & G. Dixit

  2. Department of Opthalmology, School of Medicine and College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, 65211, USA

    S. Gupta

  3. Department of Statistics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India

    J. M. Divecha

Authors
  1. A. K. Kumar
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  2. S. Sharma
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  3. E. Shah
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  4. B. S. Parikh
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  5. A. Patel
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  6. G. Dixit
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  7. S. Gupta
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  8. J. M. Divecha
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Contributions

AKK is a Principal Scientist and he has designed and supervised the research work. SS and GD are Research Fellows, while ES, BSP and AP are Scientific Technical Assistants at Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute. SG is a Post-Doctoral Fellow at University of Missouri and JMD is an Associate Professor in the Department of Statistics, Sardar Patel University. SS, ES, BSP and AP have performed the laboratory experiments and compiled the research data. GD, SG and JMD performed statistical analysis. AKK and SS have written the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. This work has not been submitted in any other journal/article or either published earlier in any journal elsewhere. All the authors have agreed to publish this work and do not have any conflict in publishing this work.

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Correspondence to A. K. Kumar.

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Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour.

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Kumar, A.K., Sharma, S., Shah, E. et al. Cultivation of Ascochloris sp. ADW007-enriched microalga in raw dairy wastewater for enhanced biomass and lipid productivity. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 16, 943–954 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1712-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1712-0

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