Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lean, green and resilient practices influence on supply chain performance: interpretive structural modeling approach

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nowadays, companies are struggling to find an appropriate supply chain strategy to achieve competitiveness. Among the available strategies lean, green and resilient are considered as a new management strategies for the supply chain management to achieve competitiveness. The major issues with theses strategies are the integration and identification of critical issues related to the strategies. This paper aims to identify the critical lean, green and resilient practices on which top management should focus in order to improve the performance of automotive supply chains. The systematic analysis of the lean, green and resilient practices is expected to be of great value for their effective implementation by the automotive companies. The interpretive structural modeling approach is used as a useful methodology to identify inter-relationships among lean, green and resilient practices and supply chain performance and to classify them according to their driving or dependence power. According to this research, the practices with the main driving power are just-in-time (lean practice), flexible transportation (resilient practice) and environmentally friendly packaging (green practice). Customer satisfaction is the performance measure with strong dependence and weak driving power; that is, it is strongly influenced by the other researched variables but does not affect them.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AICEP—Portugal Global (2013) Portuguese automotive world. http://www.portugalglobal.pt/EN/InvestInPortugal/ProminentSectors/Sectors/Pages/Portugueseautomotiveworld.aspx. Accessed at July 2013

  • Anand G, Kodali R (2008) A conceptual framework for lean supply chain and its implementation. Int J Value Chain Manage 2:313–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anantatmula V, Kanungo S (2005) Establishing and structuring criteria for measuring knowledge management efforts. In: Proceedings of the 38th annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences, p 8

  • Andersson P, Aronsson H, Storhagen NG (1989) Measuring Logistics Performance. Eng Costs Prod Econ 17:253–262

  • Azevedo S, Machado V, Barroso A, Cruz-Machado V (2008) Supply chain vulnerability: environment changes and dependencies. Int J Logist Trans 1(2):41–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Azevedo S, Carvalho H, Cruz-Machado V, Grilo F (2010) The influence of agile and resilient practices on supply chain performance: an innovative conceptual model proposal. In: Innovative process optimization methods in logistics: emerging trends, concepts and technologies. Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Hamburg, Germany, pp 265–281

  • Azevedo S, Carvalho H, Machado V-C (2011) The influence of green practices on supply chain performance: a case study approach. Trans Res Part E Logist Trans Rev 47(6):850–871

    Google Scholar 

  • Azevedo S, Kannan G, Carvalho H, Cruz-Machado V (2013a) Ecosilient index to assess the greenness and resilience of the upstream automotive supply chain. J Clean Prod 56(1):131–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Azevedo S, Carvalho HV, Cruz-Machado V (2013b) Using interpretive structural modelling to identify and rank performance measures: an application in the automotive supply chain. Baltic J Manage 8(2):208–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barany M, Bertok B, Kovacks Z, Friedler F, Fan L (2011) Solving vehicle assignment problems by process-network synthesis to minimize cost and environmental impact of transportation. Clean Technol Environ Policy 13(4):637–642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beamon BM (1999) Measuring supply chain performance. Int J Oper Prod Manage 19(3):275–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggart T, Gargeya V (2002) Impact of JIT on inventory to sales ratios. Ind Manage Data Syst 102(3/4):197–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolaños R, Fontela E, Nenclares A, Pastor P (2005) Using interpretive structural modelling in strategic decision-making groups. Manage Decis 43(6):877–895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen F, Cousins P, Lamming R, Faruk A (2002) Horses for courses: explaining the gap between the theory and practice of green supply. Greener Manage Int 35:41–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Brito M, Carbone V, Blanquart C (2008) Towards a sustainable fashion retail supply chain in Europe: organisation and performance. Int J Prod Econ 114(2):534–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cabral I, Grilo A, Cruz-Machado V (2012) A decision-making model for Lean, Agile, Resilient and Green supply chain management. Int J Prod Res 50(17):4830–4845

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmines EG, Zeller RA (1979) Reliability and validity assessment. Sage university paper series on quantitative applications in the social sciences. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, pp 07–017

  • Carvalho H, Azevedo S, Cruz-Machado V (2014) Trade-offs among lean, agile, resilient and green paradigms in supply chain management: a case study approach. In: Xu J, Fry JA, Lev B, Hajiyev A (eds) Proceedings of the seventh international conference on management science and engineering management. Springer Berlin, pp 953–968

  • Carvalho H, Azevedo S, Cruz-Machado V (2010) Supply chain performance management: lean and green paradigms. Int J Bus Perform Supply Chain Model 2(3/4):151–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho H, Duarte S, Cruz-Machado V (2011) Lean, agile, resilient and green: divergencies and synergies. Int J Lean Six Sigma 2(2):151–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho H, Maleki M, Cruz-Machado V (2012) The links between supply chain disturbances and resilience strategies. Int J Agile Syst Manage 5(3):203–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charan P, Shankar R, Baisya R (2008) Analysis of interactions among the variables of supply chain performance measurement system implementation. Bus Process Manage J 14(4):512–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen T, Berry E, Bruun P, Ward P (2003) A mapping of competitive priorities, manufacturing practices, and operational performance in groups of Danish manufacturing companies. Int J Oper Prod Manage 23(10):1163–1183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christmann P (1998) Environmental strategies of multinational chemical companies: global integration or national responsiveness?. The Anderson School at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Christmann P, Taylor G (2001) Globalization and the environment: determinants of firm self-regulation in China. J Int Bus Stud 32(3):439–458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christopher M, Peck H (2004) Building the resilient supply chain. Int J Logist Manage 15(2):1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooney R (2002) Is “lean” a universal production system? Batch production in the automotive industry. Int J Operat Prod Manage 22(9/10):1130–1147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duperrin J-C (1973) Méthode de hiérarchisation des éléments d’un système

  • Faisal M, Banwet D, Shankar R (2006) Supply chain risk mitigation: modeling the enablers. Bus Process Manage J 12(4):535–552

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faria J, Matos M, Nunes E (2006) Optimal design of work-in-process buffers. Int J Prod Econ 99(1/2):144–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghalayini A, Noble J (1996) The changing basis of performance measurement. Int J Operat Prod Manage 16(8):63–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glickman T, White S (2006) Security, visibility and resilience: the keys to mitigating supply chain vulnerabilities. Int J Logist Syst Manage 2:107–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunasekaran A, Patel C, Tirtiroglu E (2001) Performance measures and metrics in a supply chain environment. Int J Operat Prod Manage 21(1/2):71–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haimes Y (2006) On the definition of vulnerabilities in measuring risks to infrastructures. Risk Anal Off Publ Soc Risk Anal 26(2):293–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanson J, Melnyk S, Calantone R (2004) Core values and environmental management: a strong inference approach. Greener Manage Int 46:29–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawthorne R, Sage A (1975) On applications of interpretive structural modeling to higher education program planning. Socio Econ Plann Sci 9(1):31–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holweg M, Pil F (2004) The second century: reconnecting customer and value chain through build-to-order: moving beyond mass and lean production in the auto industry. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong P, Kwon H-B, Roh J (2009) Implementation of strategic green orientation in supply chain: An empirical study of manufacturing firms. Eur J Innov Manage 12(4):512–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang Y, Matthews H (2008) Seeking opportunities to reduce life cycle impacts of consumer goods-An economy-wide assessment. In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE international symposium on electronics and the environment, 2008, pp 1–6

  • Iakovou E, Vlachos D, Xanthopoulos A (2007) An analytical methodological framework for the optimal design of resilient supply chains. Int J Logist Econ Glob 1(1):1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Jedlicka A, Mayer R (1980) Interpretive structural modeling cross cultural uses. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 10(1):49–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffery M, Butler R, Malone L (2008) Determining a cost-effective customer service level. Supply Chain Manage Int J 13(3):225–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jharkharia S, Shankar R (2004) IT enablement of supply chains: modeling the enablers. Int J Prod Perform Manage 53(8):700–712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kainuma Y, Tawara N (2006) A multiple attribute utility theory approach to lean and green supply chain management. Int J Prod Econ 101(1):99–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan G, Haq A (2007) Analysis of interactions of criteria and sub-criteria for the selection of supplier in the built-in-order supply chain environment. Int J Prod Res 45(17):3831–3852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan V, Tan K (2005) Just in time, total quality management, and supply chain management: understanding their linkages and impact on business performance. Omega 33(2):153–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan G, Haq A, Sasikumar P, Arunachalam S (2008) Analysis and selection of green suppliers using interpretative structural modelling and analytic hierarchy process. Int J Manage Decis Mak 9(2):163–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Kannan G, Kannan D, Haq A (2010) Analyzing supplier development criteria for an automobile industry. Ind Manage Data Syst 110(1):43–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan G, Murugesan P, Zhu Q, Devika K (2012) Analysis of third party reverse logistics provider using interpretive structural modeling. Int J Prod Econ 140(1):204–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanungo S, Duda S, Srinivas Y (1999) A structured model for evaluating information systems effectiveness. Syst Res Behav Sci 16(6):495–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King A, Lenox MJ (2001) Lean and green? An empirical examination of the relationship between lean production and environmental performance. Prod Oper Manage 10(3):244–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein K, Kozlowski S (2000) Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations: foundations, extensions, and new directions, 1st ed. Pfeiffer

  • Koplin J, Seuring S, Mesterharm M (2007) Incorporating sustainability into supply management in the automotive industry—the case of the Volkswagen AG. J Clean Prod 15(11/12):1053–1062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linton J, Klassen R, Jayaraman V (2007) Sustainable supply chains: an introduction. J Oper Manage 25(6):1075–1082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandal A, Deshmukh S (1994) Vendor Selection Using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). Int J Oper Prod Manage 14(6):52–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manoharan T, Muralidharan C, Deshmukh S (2010) Analyzing the interaction of performance appraisal factors using interpretive structural modeling. Perform Improv 49(6):25–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathison S (1988) Why triangulate? Educational Res 17(2):13–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathiyazhagan K, Kannan G, Noorul Haq A, Yong G (2013) An ISM approach for the analysis of barriers in implementing green supply chain management. J Clean Prod 47:283–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matson JE, Matson JO (2007) Just-in-time implementation issues among automotive suppliers in the southern USA. Supply Chain Manage Int J 12(6):432–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles M, Russell G (1997) ISO 14000 total quality environmental management: the integration of environmental marketing, total quality management, and corporate environmental policy. J Qual Manage 2(1):151–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morlok E, Chang D (2004) Measuring capacity flexibility of a transportation system. Transp Res Part A 38(6):405–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Nair S, Menon C (2008) An environmental marketing system—a proposed model based on Indian experience. Bus Strate Environ 17(8):467–479

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nawrocka D, Brorson T, Lindhqvist T (2009) ISO 14001 in environmental supply chain practices. J Clean Prod 17(16):1435–1443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naylor B, Naim M, Berry D (1999) Leagility: integrating the lean and agile manufacturing paradigms in the total supply chain. Int J Prod Econ 62(1–2):107–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes B, Bennett D (2010) Green operations initiatives in the automotive industry: An environmental reports analysis and benchmarking study. Benchmark Int J 17(3):396–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohno T (1988) Toyota production system: beyond large-scale production, 1st ed. Productivity Press, Oregon

  • Pandey V, Garg S (2009) Analysis of interaction among the enablers of agility in supply chain. J Adv Manage Res 6(1):99–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pettersen J (2009) Defining lean production: some conceptual and practical issues. TQM J 21(2):127–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pochampally K, Gupta S, Govindan K (2009) Metrics for performance measurement of a reverse/closed-loop supply chain. Int J Bus Perform Supply Chain Model 1(1):8–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Ponomarov SY, Holcomb MC (2009) Understanding the concept of supply chain resilience. Int J Logist Manage 20(1):124–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao P, Holt D (2005) Do green supply chains lead to competitiveness and economic performance? Int J Oper Prod Manage 25(9):898–916

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravi V, Shankar R (2004) Analysis of interactions among the barriers of reverse logistics. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 72(8):1011–1029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravi V, Shankar R, Tiwari M (2005) Productivity improvement of a computer hardware supply chain. Int J Prod Perform Manage 54(4):239–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Reichhart A, Holweg M (2007) Lean distribution: concepts, contributions, conflicts. Int J Prod Res 45:3699–3722

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rondinelli D, Berry M (2000) Environmental citizenship in multinational corporations: social responsibility and sustainable development. Eur Manage J 18(1):70–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosič H, Bauer G, Jammernegg W (2009) A framework for economic and environmental sustainability and resilience of supply chains. In: Rapid modelling for increasing competitiveness, pp 91–104

  • Sage A (1977) Interpretive structural modeling: methodology for large scale systems. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 91–164

  • Sahney S, Banwet D, Karunes S (2006) An integrated framework for quality in education: application of quality function deployment, interpretive structural modelling and path analysis. Total Qual Manage Bus Excell 17(2):265–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxena J, Sushil P, Vrat S (1992) Scenario building: a critical study of energy conservation in the Indian cement industry. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 41(2):121–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh B, Garg SK, Sharma SK (2010) Development of index for measuring leanness: study of an Indian auto component industry. Meas Bus Excell 14(2):46–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Singleton RA, Straits BC (1999) Approaches to social research. Oxford University Press, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava S (2007) Green supply-chain management: a state-of-the-art literature review. Int J Manage Rev 9(1):53–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svensson G (2000) A conceptual framework for the analysis of vulnerability in supply chains. Int J Phys Dist Logist Manage 30(9):731–750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talib F, Rahman Z, Qureshi M (2011) Analysis of interaction among the barriers to total quality management implementation using interpretive structural modeling approach. Benchmarking Int J 18(4):563–587

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang C (2006) Robust strategies for mitigating supply chain disruptions. Int J Logist Res Appl 9(1):33–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakkar J, Deshmukh G, Gupta A, Shankar R (2007) Development of a balanced scorecard: an integrated approach of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Analytic Network Process (ANP). Int J Prod Perform Manage 56(1):25–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakkar J, Kanda A, Deshmukh G (2008) Evaluation of buyer-supplier relationships using an integrated mathematical approach of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and graph theoretic matrix: the case study of Indian automotive SMEs. J Manuf Technol Manage 19(1):92–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thun J-H, Müller A (2010) An empirical analysis of green supply chain management in the German automotive industry. Bus Strategy Environ 19(2):119–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Thun J-H, Marble R, Silveira-Camargos V (2007) A conceptual framework and empirical results of the risk and potential of just in sequence: a study of the German automotive industry. J Oper Logist 1(2):1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Tice J, Ahouse L, Larson T (2005) Lean production and EMSs: aligning environmental management with business priorities. Environ Qual Manage 15(2):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsai W, Hung S (2009) A fuzzy goal programming approach for green supply chain optimisation. Int J Prod Res 47(18):4991–5017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsiakouri M (2008) Managing disruptions proactively in the supply chain: the approach in an auto-manufacturing production line in proceedings of the POMS 19 Conference, May, 9–12. California, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Vonderembse MA, Uppal M, Huang SH, Dismukes JP (2006) Designing supply chains: towards theory development. Int J Prod Econ 100(2):223–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Voss C, Tsikriktsis N, Frohlich M (2002) Case research in operations management. Int J Oper Product Manage 22(2):195–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker H, Di Sisto L, McBain D (2008) Drivers and barriers to environmental supply chain management practices: lessons from the public and private sectors. J Purch Supply Manage 14(1):69–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warfield J (1974a) Developing interconnected matrices in Structural modeling. IEEE Trans Syst Men Cybern 4(1):51–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Warfield J (1974b) Developing subsystem matrices in structural modeling. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 4(1):74–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warfield J (1976) Societal systems: planning, policy and complexity. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin R (2002) Case study research: design and methods, applied social research methods series, vol 5. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Q, Sarkis J (2004) Relationships between operational practices and performance among early adopters of green supply chain management practices in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. J Oper Manage 22:265–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Q, Sarkis J, Cordeiro J, Lai K-H (2008a) Firm-level correlates of emergent green supply chain management practices in the Chinese context. Omega 36(4):577–591

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Q, Sarkis J, Geng Y (2005) Green supply chain management in China: pressures, practices and performance. Int J Oper Prod Manage 25(5):449–468

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Q, Sarkis J, Lai H-K, Geng Y (2008b) The role of organizational size in the adoption of green supply chain management practices in China. Corp Soc Responsib Environ Manage 15(6):322–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zobel C (2011) Representing perceived tradeoffs in defining disaster resilience. Decis Support Syst 50(2):394–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zsidisin G, Ragatz G, Melnyk S (2005) The dark side of supply chain management. Supply Chain Manage Rev 9(2):46–52

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments which give the opportunity to improve this paper. The first author was supported by a Grant from Forsknings-og Innovationsstyrelsen for “The International Network programme” (2211916).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Business and Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    K. Govindan

  2. Department of Business and Economics, University of Beira Interior, Pólo IV, Edifício Ernesto Cruz, 6200-209, Covilhã, Portugal

    S. G. Azevedo

  3. UNIDEMI, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Universitário, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal

    H. Carvalho & V. Cruz-Machado

Authors
  1. K. Govindan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. G. Azevedo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. H. Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. Cruz-Machado
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. Govindan.

Appendix: Protocol for experts

Appendix: Protocol for experts

The following table intends to register the perception of professionals from automotive industry and academics on the relationships between lean, green and resilient practices and supply chain performance measures.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Govindan, K., Azevedo, S.G., Carvalho, H. et al. Lean, green and resilient practices influence on supply chain performance: interpretive structural modeling approach. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 12, 15–34 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-013-0409-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-013-0409-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation