Abstract
Estimation of coal power plant emissions is a vital step to visualise emission trends with respect to specific policy implementations and technological interventions so that their effectiveness in terms of emission reductions and ambient air quality improvement can be quantitatively assessed. However, research work concerning stack emission estimations specifically for coal power plants in India is limited. To bridge the present gap, we present a plant-specific multi-year and multi-parameter Coal Power Stack Emission Model. This model has been developed to explore current and historical annual stack emissions from a coal-based thermal power plant taking into account essential variables such as coal characteristics, process attributes and control equipment aspects, which can significantly influence the stack emissions. This study concentrates on development of Coal Power Stack Emission model and its application for the estimation of plant and year-specific emission factors and stack emissions for a coal-based power plant at Badarpur, New Delhi, for the period of 2000–2008. The validation of Coal Power Stack Emission model has also been successfully carried out by comparing the trends of percentage change in annual emission estimates and observed ambient air concentrations of total suspended particles, PM10 and sulphur dioxide at two nearby air quality monitoring stations, namely Siri Fort and Nizamuddin.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asian Development Bank (ADB), 2009. Environmental assessment report, Summary environmental impact assessment, Project Number: 42933, India: Jhajjar Thermal Power Project, Prepared by Jhajjar Power Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). http://www.adb.org/Documents/Environment/IND/42933/42933-IND-SEIA.pdf
Awasthi S, Khare M, Gargava P (2006) General plume dispersion model (GPDM) for point source emission. Environ Model Assess 11:267–276
Beer JM (2007) High efficiency electric power generation: the environmental role. Prog Energy Combust Sci 33:107–134
CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board), 2010. Status of the vehicular pollution control programme in India. Programme Objective Series, PROBES/136/2010 (Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India), Delhi
CBIP (Central Board of Irrigation and Power), 1997. Compendium of thermal power stations in India, Vols I and II. Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi
Chakraborty N, Mukherjee I, Santra AK, Chowdhury S, Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya S, Mitra AP, Sharma C (2008) Measurement of CO2, CO., SO2, and NO emissions from coal-based thermal power plants in India. Atmos Environ 42:1073–1082
Chikkatur, A.P., Sagar, A.D., 2007. Towards better technology policies for the Indian coal-power sector. Energy Sustainable Dev. Vol XI, No. 4
DUDGD (Department of Urban Development Government of Delhi), 2006. City Development Plan Delhi, Chapter-11. Review of Road Network and Transport System. http://www.ccsindia.org/ccsindia/pdf/Ch11_Review%20of%20Road%20Network%20and%20Transport%20System.pdf
Garg A, Shukla PR, Kapshe M (2006) The sectoral trends of multigas emissions inventory of India. Atmos Environ 40:4608–4620
Ghosh S (2010) Status of thermal power generation in India—Perspectives on capacity, generation and carbon dioxide emissions. Energy Policy 38(11):6886–6899
Ghosh, M.K., 2011. Environmental issues in power generation and clean technologies. In training programme on environmental issues in thermal power plants. Pollution Control Research Institute (PCRI), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Ranipur, Haridwar-249403, India
Gurjar BR, van Aardenne JA, Lelieveld J, Mohan M (2004) Emission estimates and trends (1990–2000) for megacity Delhi and implications. Atmos Environ 38(33):5663–5681
Kho WLF, Sentian J, Radojevi M, Tan CL, Law PL, Halipah S (2007) Computer simulated versus observed NO2 and SO2 emitted from elevated point source complex. Int J Environ Sci Technol 4(2):215–222
Miller, C.E., Feeley, T.J., Aljoe, W.W., Lani, B.W., Schroeder, K.T., Kairies, C., McNemar, A.T., Jones, A.P., Murphy, J.T. 2006. Mercury capture and fate using wet fgd at coal-fired power plants. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Mercury and Wet FGD R&D. http://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-nalyses/refshelf/PubDetails.aspx?Action=View&PubId=242. Accessed 01 Jan 2012
Mittal, M.L, Sharma, C., 2004. Anthropogenic emissions from energy activities in India: generation and source characterization (Part I: emissions from thermal power generation in India). http://www.osc.edu/research/pcrm/emissions/India.pdf. Accessed 13 Dec 2011
MoP (Ministry of Power), 2011. Annual Report, 2010–2011, Ministry of Power, Government of India, New Delhi
Nagpure, A.S., 2011. Modeling of Urban Traffic Emissions, PhD Thesis. Centre for Transportation Systems (CTRANS) and Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Raghuvanshi SP, Chandra A, Raghav AK (2006) Carbon dioxide emissions from coal based power generation in India. Energy Convers Manage 47:427–441
Reddy MS, Venkataraman C (2002) Inventory of aerosol and sulphur dioxide emissions from India: i-Fossil fuel combustion. Atmos Environ 36:677–697
Rezvani S, Huang Y, McIlveen-Wright D, Hewitt N, Wang Y (2007) Comparative assessment of sub-critical versus advanced super-critical oxyfuel fired PF boilers with CO2 sequestration facilities. Fuel 86:2134–2143
Sengupta I (2007) Regulation of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Indian coal-based thermal power plants: a static approach. Energy Economics 29:479–502
Shrestha RM, Timilsina GR (1997) SO2 emission intensities of the power sector in Asia: effects of generation-mix and fuel-intensity changes. Energy Economics 19:355–362
Soltanali S, Shams Hagani Z, Pazouki Yaftabadi M (2008) Economic evaluation for air pollution control technologies selection in power plants processes. Int J Environ Sci Technol 5(4):555–564
TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute), 2011. TERI Energy Data Directory and Yearbook, 2010. TERI Press, New Delhi
Tian HZ, Wang Y, Xue ZG, Cheng K, Qu YP, Chai FH, Hao JM (2010) Trend and characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Hg, As, and Se from coal combustion in China, 1980–2007. Atmos Chem Phys 10:11905–11919
Vijay, S., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., 2004. Estimating air pollution emissions from fossil fuel use in the electricity sector in Mexico. Integrated program on urban, regional and global air pollution, Prepared for North American commission for environmental cooperation, April 2004, Massachusetts Institute of technology, Cambridge
Wang, W., Jiang, Y., Yang, D., Wang, Q., Zhu, X., Wang, Z., 2001. The impact of ESP efficiency and counter measures when low sulphur coal begin to be used in coal-fired boilers. Presented at the 8th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation. www.isesp.org/ICESP%20VIII%20PAPERS/VIII-ICESP%20PC4-3.pdfAccessed 15 Jan 2012
Zhao Y, Wang S, Duan L, Lei Y, Cao P, Hao J (2008) Primary air pollutant emissions of coal-fired power plants in China: current status and future prediction. Atmos Environ 42:8442–8452
Acknowledgments
First author sincerely acknowledge and thank the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India, for supporting his PhD research work, which is the basis of this paper. Authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers whose constructive suggestions have helped greatly improve the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Walvekar, P.P., Gurjar, B.R. Formulation, application and evaluation of a stack emission model for coal-based power stations. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 10, 1235–1244 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0131-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0131-x