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A Review of Historical Phlebotominae Taxonomy (Diptera: Psychodidae)

  • Insect Taxonomy and Biodiversity
  • Review
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Abstract

Psychodidae is a group constituted by ca. 3400 species distributed in six existing and one extinct subfamily. Among them, Phlebotominae is of relevant medical and veterinary interest as vectors of pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and trypanosomatides, to vertebrates. The taxonomy of Phlebotominae, begun in 1786, received a great boost at the beginning of the twentieth century, when some of its species began to be implicated as vectors of leishmaniasis agents. Currently, the group consists of 1060 species/subspecies described for both hemispheres. Its taxonomy and systematics have been largely based on the morphological characters of adults in view of the limited number of species known in their immature forms, as well as by molecular approaches. This review focuses on the evolution of the phlebotomine systematics, with information regarding when the descriptions of the sand fly species/subspecies occurred, where their type localities are, the number of authors involved in their descriptions, and the researchers who have most contributed to the description of these taxa and their respective institutions. The morphological characters of adult forms used in the taxonomy of groups, in an evolutionary approach, and the current state of knowledge based on immature forms is also presented.

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Data Availability

The dataset generated and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was supported by scholarship grant of the Coordenação de perfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001 to BLR.

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  1. Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (FSP/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (FSP/USP), SP, 01246-904, São Paulo, Brazil

    Bruno Leite Rodrigues

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E. A. B. G. collected the data and drafted the initial version of the manuscript. B. L. R. developed the draft, provided additional ideas, and edited the manuscript to produce the final version. Both authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Galati, E.A.B., Rodrigues, B.L. A Review of Historical Phlebotominae Taxonomy (Diptera: Psychodidae). Neotrop Entomol 52, 539–559 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-023-01030-8

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