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Side-Effects of Glyphosate to the Parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the side-effects of glyphosate to the parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) when parasitoids were exposed to this chemical at the pupal (inside host eggs) and adult stages. Bioassays were conducted under laboratory conditions according to the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) standard methods for testing side-effects of pesticides to egg parasitoids. Different glyphosate-based pesticides (Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, Roundup WG®, and Zapp Qi®) were tested at the same acid equivalent concentration. Treatments were classified following the IOBC toxicity categories as (1) harmless, (2) slightly harmful, (3) moderately harmful, and (4) harmful. When tested against T. remus adults, Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, and Roundup WG® reduced parasitism 2 days after parasitoid emergence, being classified as slightly harmful. Differently, when tested against T. remus pupae, all tested glyphosate-based products did not differ in their lethal effect and therefore did not reduce T. remus adult emergence or parasitism capacity, being classified as harmless. However, differences on sublethal toxicity were found. Parasitism of individuals emerging from parasitized eggs sprayed at the pupal stage of T. remus with Zapp Qi® was lower compared to control, but parasitism was still higher than 66%, and therefore, Zapp Qi® was still classified as harmless. In conclusion, all tested glyphosate-based products can be used in agriculture without negative impact to T. remus as none was classified as harmful or moderately harmful to this parasitoid when exposure occurred at the pupal or adult stages.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks are extended to Dagmar Frisch for the English revision of this manuscript. This paper was approved for publication by the Editorial Board of Embrapa Soja. The authors would like to thank Embrapa Soja, the “Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES),” and the “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq), grant number 301420/2012-2, for funds that supported this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ Estadual de Londrina – UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil

    C S Stecca, A Pasini, K Andrade & D M Z Filho

  2. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Embrapa Soja, Rod. Carlos João Strass – Distrito de Warta, Caxia Postal 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brasil

    A F Bueno

  3. Instituto Agrônomico do Paraná – IAPAR, Londrina, PR, Brasil

    D M Silva

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  1. C S Stecca
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  2. A F Bueno
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  3. A Pasini
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  4. D M Silva
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  5. K Andrade
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  6. D M Z Filho
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Correspondence to A F Bueno.

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Edited by Moisés J Zotti - UFPel

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Stecca, C.S., Bueno, A.F., Pasini, A. et al. Side-Effects of Glyphosate to the Parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Neotrop Entomol 45, 192–200 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-016-0363-4

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