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Electrodeposition of a copolymer nanocomposite for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes

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Abstract

In this study, polyaniline-co-poly(o-toluidine)/graphene oxide nanosheets composite was electrodeposited on the surface of a stainless steel wire as a new coating for headspace solid-phase microextraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The characteristics of the new coating were evaluated by the scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To study the coating performance, the influence of various parameters such as deposition potential and time, concentration of the monomers and GONSs, desorption temperature and time, extraction temperature and time and ionic strength on BTEX extraction efficiency was investigated. At the optimum conditions, the linear ranges and detection limits (S/N = 3) were found 0.01–50 and 0.001–0.05 ng mL−1, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) at 0.5 ng mL−1 concentration level (n = 5) using a single-fiber were from 5.4 to 8.3 and 7.5 to 10.3%, respectively. The fiber-to-fiber RSDs % (n = 3) was between 8.4 and 12.5%. Finally, the development method was applied to the analysis of various real samples.

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Abbreviations

PANI:

Polyaniline

POT:

Poly(o-toluidine)

GONSs:

Graphene oxide nanosheets

HS-SPME:

Headspace solid-phase microextraction

BTEX:

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

FT-IR:

Fourier transform infrared

RSDs:

Relative standard deviations

SPME:

Solid-phase microextraction

PPy:

Polypyrrole

OT:

Ortho-toluidine

GO:

Graphene oxide

CPC:

Constant potential coulometric

LR:

Linear range

LOD:

Limit of detection

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76169-133, Kerman, Iran

    Mansoureh Behzadi, Ebrahim Noroozian & Mohammad Mirzaei

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  1. Mansoureh Behzadi
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  2. Ebrahim Noroozian
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  3. Mohammad Mirzaei
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Correspondence to Mansoureh Behzadi.

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Behzadi, M., Noroozian, E. & Mirzaei, M. Electrodeposition of a copolymer nanocomposite for the headspace solid-phase microextraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes. J IRAN CHEM SOC 15, 1391–1398 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-018-1339-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-018-1339-6

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