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Performance of silane-coupling agent-treated hydroxyapatite/diethylene glycol-based pH-sensitive biocomposite hydrogels

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Abstract

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymeric networks with segments of hydrophilic groups. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have played attractive role toward much research due to slight modification of environment by abrupt changes in swelling behavior. In this study, a series of pH-sensitive biocomposite hydrogels were acquired through solvent-free green approach by utilization of diethylene glycol (DEG), citric acid (CA), acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) prepared from waste eggshells with ACD resulted in the biocomposite hydrogel (ACD–HA). The synthesized biocomposite hydrogel was examined by various characterization techniques, viz., spectral (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, thermal (TGA and DTG), morphological (SEM) and swelling equilibrium studies. In addition, HA was surface treated with two different silane-based coupling agents, namely 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AMS) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VES) on the performance properties of biocomposite hydrogels. The results of the studies revealed that VES-treated ACD–HA had superior properties than AMS-treated ACD–HA and untreated ACD–HA on overall properties of biocomposite hydrogels. Hence, the decreasing order of swelling equilibrium behavior in various pH, viz., 4.0, 6.0, 7.4, 8.0, 10.0, has been listed as ACD–HA–VES > ACD–HA–AMS > ACD–HA > ACD. The observations indicated that hydrogels’ adaptability with pH-tuned properties may have greater potential in eco-friendly approaches such as metal ion removal, dye removal and agrochemical release.

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Acknowledgments

One of the authors, Mr. D.S. Franklin, gratefully acknowledges the authorities of C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and Technology, Melvisharam, Tamilnadu, India for providing laboratory facilities. The authors also wish to thank STIC, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India, for their assistance with instrumentation facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India

    D. S. Franklin

  2. Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and Technology, Melvisharam, 632 509, Tamil Nadu, India

    D. S. Franklin

  3. PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Government Arts College (Autonomous), Vellore, 632 002, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Guhanathan

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  1. D. S. Franklin
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  2. S. Guhanathan
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Correspondence to S. Guhanathan.

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Franklin, D.S., Guhanathan, S. Performance of silane-coupling agent-treated hydroxyapatite/diethylene glycol-based pH-sensitive biocomposite hydrogels. Iran Polym J 23, 809–817 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-014-0278-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-014-0278-z

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