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Evaluation of Bonamia semidigyna (Roxb.) for antioxidant, antibacterial, anthelmintic and cytotoxic properties with the involvement of polyphenols

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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant, antibacterial, anthelmintic, and cytotoxic activities of the crude methanol extract of Bonamia semidigyna (Roxb.) leaves and its derived fractions in different experimental models. Leaves of B. semidigyna were extracted with methanol (MBS) and the resultant successively fractionated into n-hexane (NBS), petroleum ether (PBS), chloroform (CBS), and ethyl acetate (EBS) soluble fractions. Later, the plant extractives were investigated for antioxidant, antibacterial, anthelmintic and cytotoxic properties. Phytochemical study was carried out using standard methods and polyphenols content were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity, ferric reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity assays. Disc diffusion technique used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy and anthelmintic activity was determined using aquarium worm (Tubifex tubifex) whereas cytotoxicity was evaluated using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic, steroids, sterols, quinones, oxalate, coumarins, and emodins in the plant extractives. In addition, the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed the significant amount of polyphenol contents. In antioxidant assays, the crude methanol extract and EBS fraction exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity among all the extractives. The crude methanol extract and EBS fraction also possessed significant antibacterial and anthelmintic potentials while moderate cytotoxic activities were found for all the plant extractives. The present study confirmed that the crude methanol extract of B. semidigyna and its EBS fraction, possibly due to its high polyphenol contents possess significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and anthelmintic properties.

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Abbreviations

MBS:

Methanol extract of B. semidigyna

NBS:

n-Hexane fraction of B. semidigyna

PBS:

Petroleum ether fraction of B. semidigyna

CBS:

Chloroform fraction of B. semidigyna

EBS:

Ethyl acetate fraction of B. semidigyna

BHT:

Butylated hydroxytoluene

BHA:

Butylated hydroxyanisole

nm:

Nanometer

mm:

Millimeter

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

rpm:

Rotate per minute

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Bangladesh for providing all the laboratory facilities and support to complete this research work.

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Author notes

  1. Md. Adnan and Md. Nazim Uddin Chy have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Lab, Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh

    Md. Adnan, Md. Nazim Uddin Chy & A. T. M. Mostafa Kamal

  2. Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh

    Sajib Rudra & Afroza Tahamina

  3. Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh

    Raju Das

  4. Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh

    Mohammad Akramul Hoque Tanim, Tanvir Iqram Siddique & Asadul Hoque

  5. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh

    Syeda Mashnia Tasnim

  6. Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh

    Arkajyoti Paul

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Contributions

Md. Adnan and Md. Nazim Uddin Chy conceived and designed the experiments, carried out all the experimental works, and collected data. Md. Nazim Uddin Chy has furnished the designing of the work, analyzed and interpreted experimental results, and drafted the final manuscript. Sajib Rudra, Afroza Tahamina, and Raju Das performed in vitro experiments (DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and reducing power assays) and contributed to data collection. Mohammad Akramul Hoque Tanim, Tanvir Iqram Siddique and Asadul Hoque did the phytochemical study and participated in the total phenols and flavonoids content determination. Syeda Mashnia Tasnim and Arkajyoti Paul participated in the antibacterial assay and helped to write the relevant portion. A.T.M. Mostafa Kamal supervised the study, evaluated the data and reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. T. M. Mostafa Kamal.

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Adnan, M., Chy, M.N.U., Rudra, S. et al. Evaluation of Bonamia semidigyna (Roxb.) for antioxidant, antibacterial, anthelmintic and cytotoxic properties with the involvement of polyphenols. Orient Pharm Exp Med 19, 187–199 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-018-0334-x

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