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Physiological and proteomic analysis in two wild tomato lines under waterlogging and high temperature stress

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Abstract

Tomato yields are reduced under waterlogging and high temperature stress condition. Ascorbic acid (ASA) was shown to be involved in tolerance to waterlogging and heat stresses in tomato. Among 44 wild tomato lines treated with waterlogging at 38 °C, L6138 (Solanum peruvianum) showed highest ASA, shoot growth, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence in comparison to other tomato lines. Further leaf proteins in L6138 and L0994 under waterlogging at 38 °C for 72 h were analyzed by two-dimensional protein fractionation system. Different protein peaks were analyzed by comparative proteomic analysis and database searching. Fifty protein peaks expressed in response to stress treatment were identified, among which 27 proteins from L0994 and 17 proteins from L6138 were successfully sequenced. Differentially proteins expressed have major functions in protein structure maintenance, metabolism, secretion, translation, biosynthesis, signal transduction, degradation, and photosynthesis under stress. ASA might be played a role in tolerance to waterlogging and heat stress by maintaining RNA transcription, protein structure, and metabolism. In this study, we utilized a physiological and proteomic approach to discover the changes in protein expression profiles of tomatoes in response to heat and flood stresses.

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Abbreviations

ASA:

Ascorbic acid

PF2D:

Two dimensions liquid phase fractionation

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author Contributions Statement

H.H.L and K.H.L carried out the conception and wrote the manuscript. J.Y.S and S.Y.T performed the experiment. H.F.L supervised the whole research. All authors read and approved the revised manuscript. This research was supported by grants from National Council of Science, Taiwan.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10673, Taiwan, Republic of China

      Hsin-Hung Lin, Shun-Yuan Tang & Hsiao-Feng Lo

    2. Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11110, Taiwan, Republic of China

      Kuan-Hung Lin

    3. Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11110, Taiwan, Republic of China

      Jia-Yu Syu

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    1. Hsin-Hung Lin
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    Correspondence to Hsiao-Feng Lo.

    Additional information

    Hsin-Hung Lin and Kuan-Hung Lin contributed equally to this work.

    Electronic supplementary material

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    Supplementary Fig. S1

    Effects of stress treatments on relative chlorophyll content (SPAD values) in L0994 and L6138. Plants were treated with 22 °C (C), flooding at 22 °C (F), 38 °C (H), and flooding at 38 °C (HF) for 24 h. Values represent the means of five independent SPAD meter readings on five independent plants. Means with the same letters are not significantly different within a row, based on a least significant different (LSD) test at p ≤ 0.05. Error bars represent the standard error. (DOCX 131 kb)

    Supplementary Fig. S2

    Effects of stress treatments (F, H, and HF) on Fv/Fm in L0994 (circles) and L6138 (triangles). Plants were treated with flooding at 22 °C (a), 38 °C (b), and flooding at 38 °C (c) for 96 h. Values represent the means of five independent plants. Means with the same small letters are not significantly different among times within the same row, based on LSD at p ≤ 0.05 under ANOVA. Means with the same capital letters are not significantly different between two rows within the same time point, based on LSD at p ≤ 0.05 under ANOVA. (DOCX 220 kb)

    Supplementary Fig. S3

    Representatives of second-column separation in L0994 fractions. Leaf proteins from L0994 plants treated with 22 °C (C; red lines), flooding at 22 °C (F), 38 °C (H), and flooding at 38 °C (HF) for 72 h were separated with a two-dimensional protein fractionation (PF2D) system. The Y-axis represents the optical densitometry pattern (OD at 214 nm). The X-axis represents retention time in minutes according to the concentration of acetonitrile in the mobile phase. Red lines indicate the absorbance after treatment C. Green lines indicate the absorbance from treatment F (a to f), treatment H (g to k), and treatment HF (l to o). (DOCX 414 kb)

    Supplementary Fig. S4

    Representatives of the second column separation of L6138 fractions. Leaf proteins from L6138 plants treated with 22 °C (C; red lines), flooding at 22 °C (F), 38 °C (H), and flooding at 38 °C (HF) for 72 h were separated with PF2D. The Y-axis represents optical densitometry pattern (OD at 214 nm). The X-axis represents retention time in minutes according to the concentration of acetonitrile in the mobile phase. Red lines indicate the absorbance from treatment C. Green lines indicate the absorbance from treatment F (a and b), treatment H (c to f), and treatment HF (g to j). (DOCX 314 kb)

    Supplementary Table S1

    Highly differentially expressed protein pattern and function in stressed L0994. (DOCX 23 kb)

    Supplementary Table S2

    Highly differentially expressed protein pattern and function in stressed L6138. (DOCX 23 kb)

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    Lin, HH., Lin, KH., Syu, JY. et al. Physiological and proteomic analysis in two wild tomato lines under waterlogging and high temperature stress. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 25, 87–96 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-015-0314-x

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