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Inhibitory effects of biocides on hatching and acetylcholinesterase activity in the brine shrimp Artemia salina

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Abstract

Acetlycholinesterase (AChE, EC3.1.1.7) is an important serine esterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine in the cholinergic system. Using the brine shrimp Artemia salina, we estimated the effects of four biocides (carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, and endosulfan) on nauplii mortality and AChE activity. Lethal concentration 50 (LC50) was calculated for 24, 48, and 72 h in order to select a relevant value for the suite of AChE assays. The LC50s of the four biocides to A. salina ranged from 2 to 8 mg/L for 24 h, 0.9 to 2.5 mg/L for 48 h, and 0.1 to 0.9 mg/L for 72 h, respectively. Selected doses within the LC50 value of each biocide significantly inhibited AChE activity for 24 h. In addition, these concentrations reduced dose-dependently hatching rate of A. salina cysts. This result suggested that both cysts and nauplii have sensitivities to environmental biocides-triggered toxicity. Also, AChE approach with A. salina nauplii revealed that biocides may have a toxic cholinergic effect on Artemia by inhibiting AChE activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea

    Inseon Baek, Hyeon-Jeong Choi & Jae-Sung Rhee

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  1. Inseon Baek
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  2. Hyeon-Jeong Choi
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  3. Jae-Sung Rhee
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Correspondence to Jae-Sung Rhee.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Baek, I., Choi, HJ. & Rhee, JS. Inhibitory effects of biocides on hatching and acetylcholinesterase activity in the brine shrimp Artemia salina . Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci. 7, 303–308 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13530-015-0253-x

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