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The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors in Gorgan, north of Iran. Selective or universal screening test is cost-effective?

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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in pregnancy. GDM is defined in <1 % to 28 % of pregnancies, depending on the diagnostic criteria, the ethnic and racial characteristics. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of GDM and related risk factors among pregnant women in Gorgan, north of Iran. In a cross sectional study, 1276 pregnant women were recruited. All of women screened with glucose challenge test (GCT) in 24–28th wks of gestational age. Women with positive GCT underwent 100 g glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Diagnosis of GDM was according to Carpenter and Coustan’s criteria. GCT was positive in 200 women (15.8 % with CI: 13.8 %–17.8 %) and GDM was diagnosed in 62 case (4.9 % with CI:3.7 %–6.8 %). In a multiple logistic regression, risk factors such as age, BMI, history of macrosomia, familial history of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were identified as independent risk factors for GDM (p < 0.05). Among GDM cases, 3.2 %(2 women) had no risk factor. These results show moderate prevalence of GDM in north of Iran. It seems that a selective GDM screening method for women with some risk factors is more appropriate than general screening.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge “Research Deputy” of Golestan University of Medical Sciences for financial supports (agreement number 35/1320). We thank all staffs from hospital and primary health centers that help us in data collection. We appreciate the help of all the participants in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal medicine, 5th Azar University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

    Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh

  2. Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutrition. Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

    Samira Eshghinia

  3. Department of Health and Social Medicine, Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

    Mohammad Ali Vakili

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  1. Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh
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  2. Samira Eshghinia
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  3. Mohammad Ali Vakili
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Correspondence to Samira Eshghinia.

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Mohammadzadeh, F., Eshghinia, S. & Vakili, M.A. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors in Gorgan, north of Iran. Selective or universal screening test is cost-effective?. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 35, 225–229 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-014-0209-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-014-0209-8

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