Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histologic type of liver cancer. It accounts for the majority of all diagnoses and deaths due to liver cancer. The induction of tumor cell death is an effective strategy to control tumor development. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death caused by microbial infection, accompanied by activation of inflammasomes and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The cleavage of gasdermins (GSDMs) promotes the occurrence of pyroptosis leading to cell swelling, lysis, and death. Accumulating evidence has indicated that pyroptosis influences the progression of HCC by regulating immune-mediated tumor cell death. Currently, some researchers hold the view that inhibition of pyroptosis-related components may prevent the incidence of HCC, but more researchers have the view that activation of pyroptosis exerts a tumor-inhibitory effect. Growing evidence indicates that pyroptosis can prevent or promote tumor development depending on the type of tumor. In this review, pyroptosis pathways and pyroptosis-related components were discussed. Next, the role of pyroptosis and its components in HCC was described. Finally, the therapeutic significance of pyroptosis in HCC was discussed.
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Abbreviations
- AFP:
-
Alpha-fetoprotein
- AIM2:
-
absent in melanoma 2
- ALD:
-
alcohol-related liver disease
- ALR:
-
AIM2-like receptor
- As2O3 :
-
Arsenic trioxide
- ASC:
-
apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD
- DAMPs:
-
damage-associated molecular patterns
- DILI:
-
drug-induced liver injury
- dsDN:
-
double-stranded DNA
- E2:
-
17β-estradiol
- GSDMB:
-
Gasdermin B
- GSDMC:
-
Gasdermin C
- GSDMD:
-
Gasdermin D
- GSDMD-N:
-
the N-terminus of GSDMD
- GSDME:
-
Gasdermin E
- GZMA:
-
granzyme A
- HCC:
-
Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HMGB1:
-
high-mobility group box 1
- I/R:
-
ischemic reperfusion
- LDH:
-
lactate dehydrogenase
- LPS:
-
lipopolysaccharide
- MAPKs:
-
mitogen-activated protein kinases
- NAFLD:
-
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH:
-
non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- NF-κB:
-
nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NLRC4:
-
NOD-like receptor containing CARD 4
- NLRP:
-
NLR family pyrin domain-containing
- NLRP3:
-
NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3
- NLRs:
-
NOD-like receptors
- NOD:
-
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain
- PAMPs:
-
pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PD-L1:
-
programmed cell death protein ligand-1
- PRRs:
-
pattern recognition receptors
- RAGE:
-
receptor for advanced glycation end products
- sRNA:
-
double-stranded RNA
- TLRs:
-
toll-like receptors
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Zou, Z., Zhao, M., Yang, Y. et al. The role of pyroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Oncol. 46, 811–823 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-023-00787-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-023-00787-9