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MMP2 expression is a prognostic marker for primary melanoma patients

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Abstract

Background

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is a collagenase, which aids tumor growth and invasion by digesting the extracellular matrix surrounding the tumor tissue. Our study examined MMP2 expression in various stages of melanoma progression and tested the prognostic significance of MMP2 expression. We also analyzed the correlation between p-Akt status and MMP2 expression in melanoma patients.

Methods

Tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemistry were employed to study the expression of MMP2. A total of 482 melanoma (330 primary and 152 metastatic) tumor biopsies and 149 nevi biopsies (49 normal and 100 dysplastic nevi) were used for the analysis. MMP2 expression was correlated with melanoma progression. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate Cox regression analysis were applied to verify the prognostic significance of MMP2 expression. The correlation between MMP2 and p-Akt expression was analyzed in 92 cases which were common in the present and the previous study on p-Akt expression.

Results

Strong MMP2 expression is significantly increased in primary (25 %) and metastatic melanoma (43 %) compared to normal (5 %) and dysplastic nevi (10 %). Patients with strong MMP2 had significantly poorer survival compared to those with negative-to-moderate MMP2 expression. MMP2 expression could predict the patient survival independent of tumor thickness and ulceration. Furthermore, in our cohort study MMP2 expression was associated with p-Akt status and patient survival.

Conclusions

Strong MMP2 staining is associated with worse survival of melanoma patients and is an independent molecular prognostic factor for primary melanoma.

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Acknowledgements

This project is funded by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-93810, MOP-110974 and CCI-117958) and Canadian Dermatology Foundation to G.L.

Conflict of interest

The authors state no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Anand Rotte & Gang Li

  2. Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Magdalena Martinka

  3. Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6H 3Z6

    Gang Li

Authors
  1. Anand Rotte
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  2. Magdalena Martinka
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  3. Gang Li
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gang Li.

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Rotte, A., Martinka, M. & Li, G. MMP2 expression is a prognostic marker for primary melanoma patients. Cell Oncol. 35, 207–216 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-012-0080-x

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