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Role of 3E analysis in detection of thermodynamic losses in the evaporation line and steam and power production unit in the sugar processing plant

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Abstract

In this study, evaporation line and steam and power production unit in a sugar processing plant were investigated by means of energetic, exergetic, and exergoeconomic (3E) analyses. 3E parameters for each subsystem in both units were computed via coding in EES software. For a more detailed analysis, the heat losses from the surfaces of the subsystems were computed using thermography data. The results revealed that from a thermodynamic viewpoint, the steam and power production unit had a weaker performance compared with evaporation line, such that its energy loss rate and exergy destruction rate were 2.68 and 24.50 times those of the evaporation line, respectively. However, from an exergoeconomic viewpoint, the operational cost rate of the evaporation line was 2.31 times that of the steam unit. Furthermore, the cost of heat losses from the surfaces of the subsystems in the evaporation line was found to be 13299.84 USD.year−1. In conclusion, to reduce the cost of the final product, it is highly recommended that the reduction of thermodynamic inefficiencies in the evaporation line be given priority over the steam and power production unit; besides, it can be noted that the cost of heat losses from the surfaces of the subsystems is a considerable amount that should not be ignored.

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Abbreviations

g :

Gravitational acceleration (m s−2)

\( \dot{m} \) :

Mass flow rate (kg s−1)

P:

Pressure (kPa)

s :

Specific entropy (kJ kg−1 K−1)

T:

Temperature (K also °C)

A :

Heat transfer area (m2)

Ċ :

Cost rate (USD hr−1)

Z :

Capital cost (USD)

Ż :

Capital cost rate (USD hr−1)

N :

Annual factory operation hours (hr)

n :

Number of operation years mole number

c :

Cost per unit exergy (USD GJ−1)

\( \dot{Q} \) :

Heat transfer rate (kW)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient of convection (W m−2 K−1) also specific enthalpy (kJ kg−1)

k :

Heat transfer coefficient of conduction (W m−1 K−1)

F:

Fuel

P:

Product

tot:

Total

cond:

Conduction

conv:

Convection

rad:

Radiation

i :

Inlet also interest rate (decimal)

e:

Exit

D:

Destroyed

ch:

Chemical

∞:

Infinity

L:

Loss

0:

Dead state

L:

Characteristics length (m)

C P :

Specific heat capacity (kJ kg−1 K−1)

Ėx:

Exergy rate (kW)

ex:

Specific exergy (kJ kg−1)

Ėn:

Energy rate (kW)

Ẇ :

Power (kW)

ε i :

Standard chemical exergy (kJ mole−1)

X i :

Mole fraction

CRF:

Capital recovery factor

Ra:

Rayleigh number

Nu:

Nusselt number

SPECO:

Specific Exergy Costing

LHV:

Lower heat value (kJ/kg)

EES:

Engineering Equation Solver

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

α:

Thermal diffusivity (m2 s−1)

β:

Thermal expansion coefficient (K−1)

ϑ:

Kinematic viscosity (m2 s−1)

ε:

Emissivity

σ:

Stefan-Boltzmann constant

ξ:

Fuel quality factor

\( \mathcal{R} \) :

Gas constant (kJ kmol−1 K−1)

φ:

Maintenance factor

v :

Specific volume

mpg:

100 kg of beet per minute

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Ahmad Piri, Ali M. Nikbakht, Hamed Johnny Sarnavi & Adel Rezvanivand Fanaei

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

    Amin Hazervazifeh

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  1. Ahmad Piri
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Piri, A., Nikbakht, A.M., Hazervazifeh, A. et al. Role of 3E analysis in detection of thermodynamic losses in the evaporation line and steam and power production unit in the sugar processing plant. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 3049–3069 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01348-6

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