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Overlay Networks with Jamming and Energy Harvesting: Security Analysis

  • Research Article-Electrical Engineering
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Abstract

In cognitive radio networks, direct communications between a primary sender–recipient pair may be blocked due to uncertainties such as deep fading. Therefore, this paper studies overlay networks where the message of the primary sender is relayed by the secondary transmitter who also transmits its privacy message to support this communications. However, messages of the secondary transmitter may also be overheard by eavesdroppers. To secure these messages, jammers are exploited to restrict overhearing. Moreover, in order to improve energy efficiency, the secondary transmitter and all jammers only use energy harvested from primary signals for their transmission. To evaluate the security capability of both primary and secondary networks without exhaustive simulations, exact closed-form expressions of primary/secondary secrecy outage probabilities are first proposed. Then, multiple theoretical/simulated results show the validity of the proposed expressions and security improvement with increasing the number of jammers. Finally, exhaustive search based on the proposed expressions can find optimum design parameters, which perfectly serve as design instructions.

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Notes

  1. The system model in [18] and [19] was studied in [23]. However, the secondary transmitter was assumed to harvest energy from the ambient rather than RF signals, considerably simplifying the analysis. Furthermore, [23] (similarly, [24]) did not employ the jamming technique. Therefore, references like [23] and [24] are not objectives to be surveyed.

  2. The message decoder assumably consumes negligible power. The negligible power consumption of the message decoder is widely acknowledged in existing publications (e.g., [20, 26,27,28,29,30,31]).

  3. In [20], \(\texttt {S}\) always relays \(\texttt {P}\)’s message in the Stage 2. This can cause error propagation for \(\texttt {P}\)’s message. However, [20] did not analyze the SOP of both primary and secondary networks, and hence, error propagation was not accounted for the SOP analysis.

  4. For example, [18,19,20,21] and [32] proposed a collaborative hand-shaking merely among \(\texttt {J}_j, \texttt {R}\) and \(\texttt {D}\) for \(\texttt {J}_j\) to securely share the seed of its jamming signal generator with \(\texttt {R}\) and \(\texttt {D}\).

  5. In the case that N jammers are not colocated, the pdf of Z is derived by directly applying [33, eq. (5)]. However, the subsequent derivations for this case are the same as those described in this paper. Therefore, the extension of the analysis to this case is straightforward.

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Acknowledgements

This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 102.04-2019.318. We would like to thank Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), VNU-HCM for the support of time and facilities for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Khuong Ho-Van & Thiem Do-Dac

  2. Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Khuong Ho-Van & Thiem Do-Dac

  3. Thu Dau Mot University, 6 Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam

    Thiem Do-Dac

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  1. Khuong Ho-Van
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  2. Thiem Do-Dac
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Correspondence to Thiem Do-Dac.

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Ho-Van, K., Do-Dac, T. Overlay Networks with Jamming and Energy Harvesting: Security Analysis. Arab J Sci Eng 46, 9713–9724 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-05492-z

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