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Modification of Zeolite by Magnetic Nanoparticles for Organic Dye Removal

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Abstract

Zeolites HY and 13X were modified by magnetic nanoparticles and were denoted as MHY and M13X, respectively. MHY and M13X were characterized by vibrating-sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. MHY and M13X were used as adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. Response surface methodology combined with central composite design was used for statistical modelling aimed at the removal process optimization. The effects of the independent variables on the removal process were evaluated, focusing primarily on the solution pH (which was varied in the 3–9 range), temperature (25–55\(\, {^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\)), the adsorbent dose (300–1200 mg/L), and the initial dye concentration (10–40 mg/L). The solution pH and the absorbent dose had the greatest effects on the MB removal rate. The maximum MB removal of 99.85% was achieved using MHY at the optimum conditions (\(\hbox {pH} = 9,\hbox { temperature} = 53.91\,{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\), initial MB dye concentration \(= 10.23\hbox { mg/L}\), and adsorbent \(\hbox {dose} = 1186\hbox { mg/L}\)), while 95.9% was achieved using M13X at the optimum conditions (\(\hbox {pH} = 8.93,~\hbox { temperature} = 53.39\,{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\), initial MB concentration \(=10.05\hbox { mg/L}\), and adsorbent \(\hbox {dose} = 1198\hbox { mg/L}\)). The equilibrium data of MB adsorption onto M13X and MHY were studied using the linear and nonlinear form of the Freundlich and Langmuir models, with Langmuir providing a better fit. The obtained kinetic statistics indicated that the adsorption kinetics are more accurately represented by a pseudo-second-order model for both adsorbents. Finally, the calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic.

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Acknowledgements

The support of Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology Baghdad/Iraq is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

    Zaianb Majid, Adnan A. AbdulRazak & Wallaa Abdul Hadi Noori

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  1. Zaianb Majid
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  2. Adnan A. AbdulRazak
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Correspondence to Adnan A. AbdulRazak.

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Majid, Z., AbdulRazak, A.A. & Noori, W.A.H. Modification of Zeolite by Magnetic Nanoparticles for Organic Dye Removal. Arab J Sci Eng 44, 5457–5474 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03788-9

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