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Dietary effects of housefly (Musca domestica) (Diptera: Muscidae) pupae on the growth performance and the resistance against bacterial pathogen in red sea bream (Pagrus major) (Perciformes: Sparidae)

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Abstract

Insects are attracting increasing worldwide attention as living organisms that produce various useful substances. Although a wide variety of bioactive substances have been identified in insects, there has been little study of the dietary effects of insects that contain these useful substances. In our present study, we describe the dietary effects of housefly [Musca domestica (Linnaeus)] pupae in the red sea bream [Pagrus major (Temminck and Schlegel)]. The addition of low levels of housefly pupae to the diets of these fish caused significant increases in fork length and body weight and produced a marked improvement in feed conversion after 24 days of feeding. Furthermore, the results of 6-month feeding trials revealed that low dietary levels of housefly pupae promote growth performance in the red sea bream. We further found that dietary housefly pupae significantly enhance the peritoneal leukocyte phagocytic activity in the red sea bream and provides increased protection against a lethal challenge from a major pathogen in this species, Edwardsiella tarda (Ewing et al). We also show that housefly pupae dietary supplements do not negatively affect the health of rats [Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout)]. Our current results indicate the great potential of insects as functional feed sources for farmed fish.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Fritzie T. Celino, University of Washington, for her critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank Abies Co., Ltd., for producing the housefly pupae. This work was supported by an A-step start-up venture program from the Japan Science and Technology Agency and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, 1289-1 Funakoshi, Ainan, Ehime, 798-4292, Japan

    Atsushi Ido, Toshiharu Iwai, Takashi Ohta, Chiemi Miura & Takeshi Miura

  2. National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-17-5 Maruichi, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, 739-0452, Japan

    Katsutoshi Ito

  3. Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan

    Takafumi Mizushige

  4. Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan

    Taro Kishida

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  1. Atsushi Ido
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Correspondence to Takeshi Miura.

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Ido, A., Iwai, T., Ito, K. et al. Dietary effects of housefly (Musca domestica) (Diptera: Muscidae) pupae on the growth performance and the resistance against bacterial pathogen in red sea bream (Pagrus major) (Perciformes: Sparidae). Appl Entomol Zool 50, 213–221 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-015-0325-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-015-0325-z

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