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Influence of the introduced parasitoid Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) on T. koreanus and T. beneficus as indigenous parasitoids of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on chestnut trees in Nagano Prefecture, Japan

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Abstract

We describe here the parasitoid wasps Torymus sinensis Kamijo and T. beneficus Yasumatsu & Kamijo (early-spring and late-spring strains), which are introduced and indigenous natural enemies of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, an invasive chestnut pest in Japan. We recently discovered specimens of T. koreanus Kamijo, endemic in Korea, among Torymus parasitoids collected from D. kuriphilus galls in a Japanese chestnut orchard. In this study we compare the composition of Torymus parasitoids emerging from D. kuriphilus galls before and after the release of T. sinensis. Before the release of T. sinensis, early-spring and late-spring strains of T. beneficus predominated (58.3 and 20.8% of specimens collected). However, a few years after the release, both T. beneficus strains had been almost completely displaced by T. sinensis. In contrast to the rapid decrease in T. beneficus, T. koreanus did not decrease drastically before and even after the release of T. sinensis (approximately 10–20% of specimens collected). These results suggest that not a few T. koreanus were present in the Japanese chestnut orchard investigated at least several years after the release of T. sinensis, although both the T. beneficus strains were rapidly displaced by T. sinensis during this period.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to express our gratitude to Dr. M. Shiga (National Institute of Fruit Tree Science) and Dr. E. Yano (Kinki University) for providing us with the samples, in addition to their helpful comments and suggestions for the study. We appreciate the two anonymous reviewers’ comments that improved this paper immensely. This research was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (no. 19380037) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Agricultural Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan

    Kaori Yara, Takeshi Shimoda & Seiichi Moriya

  2. Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Kazunori Matsuo

  3. Nagano Fruit Tree Experiment Station, Suzaka, Nagano, 382-0072, Japan

    Terunori Sasawaki

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  1. Kaori Yara
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  2. Kazunori Matsuo
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  3. Terunori Sasawaki
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  4. Takeshi Shimoda
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  5. Seiichi Moriya
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Correspondence to Kaori Yara.

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Yara, K., Matsuo, K., Sasawaki, T. et al. Influence of the introduced parasitoid Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) on T. koreanus and T. beneficus as indigenous parasitoids of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on chestnut trees in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Appl Entomol Zool 47, 55–60 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-011-0088-0

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