Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Study on Transient Gap Resonance with Consideration of the Motion of Floating Body

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
China Ocean Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the transient fluid resonance phenomenon inside a narrow gap between two adjacent boxes excited by the incident focused waves with various spectral peak periods and focused wave amplitudes is simulated by utilizing the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software, OpenFOAM. The weather-side box is allowed to heave freely under the action of waves, and the lee-side box keeps fixed. This paper mainly focuses on how both the spectral peak period and the focused wave amplitude affect the free-surface amplification inside the gap, the motion of the weather-side box, and the wave loads (including the vertical and the horizontal wave forces) acting on both boxes. For comparison, another two-box system with both boxes fixed is also considered as a control group. It is found that the motion of the weather-side box significantly changes the characteristics of the transient gap resonance, and it would cause that the fluid resonant period becomes 1.4–1.6 times that of the two-box system with both boxes fixed. All the concerned physical quantities (i.e., the free-surface amplification in the gap, the motion of the weather-side box, the wave loads) are found to closely depend on both the spectral peak period and the focused wave amplitude.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Chen, L.F., Stagonas, D., Santo, H., Buldakov, E.V., Simons, R.R., Taylor, P.H. and Zang, J., 2019 Numerical modelling of interactions of waves and sheared currents with a surface piercing vertical cylinder, Coastal Engineering, 145, 65–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, L.F., Sun, L., Zang, J., Hillis, A.J. and Plummer, A.R., 2016. Numerical study of roll motion of a 2-D floating structure in viscous flow, Journal of Hydrodynamics, 28(4), 544–563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, X.B., 2004. Hydrodynamics in Offshore and Naval Applications (Keynote lecture), Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Hydrodynamics, Perth, Austrilia.

  • Chu, B. and Zhang, X.S., 2021 On the natural frequencies and modal shapes in two-dimensional moonpools with recesses in finite water depth, Applied Ocean Research, 115, 102787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chua, K.H., Eatock Taylor, R. and Choo, Y.S., 2018 Hydrodynamic interaction of side-by-side floating bodies part I: Development of CFD-based numerical analysis framework and modified potential flow model, Ocean Engineering, 166, 404–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ding, H.Y. and Zang, J., 2022. Numerical investigation of the survivability of a wave energy converter, Proceedings of the 37th International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies, Giardini Naxos, Italy.

  • Ding, Y.F., Walther, J.H. and Shao, Y.L., 2022a. Higher-order gap resonance and heave response of two side-by-side barges under Stokes and cnoidal waves, Ocean Engineering, 266, 112835.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ding, Y.F., Walther, J.H. and Shao, Y.L., 2022b. Higher-order gap resonance between two identical fixed barges: A study on the effect of water depth, Physics of Fluids, 34(5), 052113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eatock Taylor, R., Sun, L. and Taylor, P.H., 2008. Gap resonances in focused wave groups, Proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies, Jeju, Korea.

  • Feng, X. and Bai, W., 2015 Wave resonances in a narrow gap between two barges using fully nonlinear numerical simulation, Applied Ocean Research, 50, 119–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng, X., Bai, W., Chen, X.B., Qian, L. and Ma, Z.H., 2017 Numerical investigation of viscous effects on the gap resonance between side-by-side barges, Ocean Engineering, 145, 44–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng, X., Chen, X.B. and Dias, F., 2018 A potential flow model with viscous dissipation based on a modified boundary element method, Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 97, 1–15.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández, H., Sriram, V., Schimmels, S. and Oumeraci, H., 2014 Extreme wave generation using self correcting method — Revisited, Coastal Engineering, 93, 15–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fredriksen, A.G., Kristiansen, T. and Faltinsen, O.M., 2015. Wave-induced response of a floating two-dimensional body with a moon-pool, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 373(2033), 20140109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., Chen, H.Z., Zang, J., Chen, L.F., Wang, G. and Zhu, Y.Z., 2020a. Numerical investigations of gap resonance excited by focused transient wave groups, Ocean Engineering, 212, 107628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., He, Z.W., Huang, X.H., Liu, Q., Zang, J. and Wang, G., 2021a. Effects of free heave motion on wave resonance inside a narrow gap between two boxes under wave actions, Ocean Engineering, 224, 108753.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., He, Z.W., Zang, J., Chen, Q., Ding, H.Y. and Wang, G., 2019a. Topographic effects on wave resonance in the narrow gap between fixed box and vertical wall, Ocean Engineering, 180, 97–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., He, Z.W., Zang, J., Chen, Q., Ding, H.Y. and Wang, G., 2020b. Numerical investigations of wave loads on fixed box in front of vertical wall with a narrow gap under wave actions, Ocean Engineering, 206, 107323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., Ma, X.Z., Dong, G.H., Chen, H.Z., Liu, Q. and Zang, J., 2021b. Investigation on the effects of Bragg reflection on harbor oscillations, Coastal Engineering, 170, 103977.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., Ma, X.Z., Zang, J., Dong, G.H., Ma, X.J., Zhu, Y.Z. and Zhou, L., 2020c. Numerical investigation of harbor oscillations induced by focused transient wave groups, Coastal Engineering, 158, 103670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., Zang, J., Chen, L.F., Chen, Q., Ding, H.Y. and Liu, Y.Y., 2019b. On hydrodynamic characteristics of gap resonance between two fixed bodies in close proximity, Ocean Engineering, 173, 28–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J.L., Zhou, X.J., Zhou, L., Zang, J. and Chen, H.Z., 2019c. Numerical investigation on effects of fringing reefs on low-frequency oscillations within a harbor, Ocean Engineering, 172, 86–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasselmann, K., Barnett, T.P., Bouws, E., Carlson, H., Cartwright, D. E., Enke, K., Ewing, J.A., Gienapp, H., Hasselmann, D.E., Kruseman, P., Meerburg, A., Müller, P., Olbers, D.J., Richter, K., Sell, W. and Walden, H., 1973. Measurements of wind-wave growth and swell decay during the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP), Erganzungsheft zur Deutschen Hydrographischen Zeitschrift Reihe A, A8, 1–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • He, G.H., Jing, P.L., Jin, R.J., Zhang, W., Zhang, J.W. and Liu, T., 2021a. Two-dimensional numerical study on fluid resonance in the narrow gap between two rigid-connected heave boxes in waves, Applied Ocean Research, 110, 102628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, Z.W., Gao, J.L., Chen, H.Z., Zang, J., Liu, Q. and Wang, G., 2021b. Harmonic analyses of hydrodynamic characteristics for gap resonance between fixed box and vertical wall, China Ocean Engineering, 35(5), 712–723.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, Z.W., Gao, J.L., Shi, H.B., Zang, J., Chen, H.Z. and Liu, Q., 2022. Investigation on effects of vertical degree of freedom on gap resonance between two side-by-side boxes under wave actions, China Ocean Engineering, 36(3), 403–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, Z.W., Gao, J.L., Zang, J., Chen, H.Z., Liu, Q. and Wang, G., 2021c. Effects of free heave motion on wave forces on two side-by-side boxes in close proximity under wave actions, China Ocean Engineering, 35(4), 490–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iwata, H., Saitoh, T. and Miao, G., 2007. Fluid resonance in narrow gaps of very large floating structure composed of rectangular modules, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts, Nanjing, China, pp. 815–826.

  • Jacobsen, N.G., 2017. waves2Foam Manual, Deltares, The Netherlands.

  • Jiang, S.C., Bai, W. and Yan, B., 2021. Higher-order harmonic induced wave resonance for two side-by-side boxes in close proximity, Physics of Fluids, 33(10), 102113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kristiansen, T. and Faltinsen, O.M., 2012 Gap resonance analyzed by a new domain-decomposition method combining potential and viscous flow DRAFT, Applied Ocean Research, 34, 198–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C.H. and Zhu, X., 2018. Application of hyper-singular integral equations for a simplified model of viscous dissipation, Proceeding of the 28th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, Sapporo, Japan.

  • Li, B.N., Cheng, L., Deeks, A.J. and Teng, B., 2005. A modified scaled boundary finite-element method for problems with parallel side-faces. Part II. Application and evaluation, Applied Ocean Research, 27(4-5), 224–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J.Y., Liu, Z., Liao, S.J. and Borthwick, A.G.L., 2020. Steady-state multiple near resonances of periodic interfacial waves with rigid boundary, Physics of Fluids, 32(8), 087104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J.Y., Liu, Z., Liao, S.J. and Borthwick, A.G.L., 2021 Steady-state harmonic resonance of periodic interfacial waves with free-surface boundary conditions based on the homotopy analysis method, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 916, A58.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y.J. and Zhang, C.W., 2016 Analysis of wave resonance in gap between two heaving barges, Ocean Engineering, 117, 210–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, H., Chua, K.H., Wang, H.C. and Choo, Y.S., 2021 Numerical and experimental investigations into fluid resonance in a gap between two side-by-side vessels, Applied Ocean Research, 111, 102581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, H., Liu, X.B., Chua, K.H., de Mello, P.C. and Choo, Y.S., 2022 Wave actions on side-by-side barges with sloshing effects: fixed-free arrangement, Flow, 2, E20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, H., Santo, H., Shao, Y.L., Law, Y.Z. and Chan, E.S., 2020. Liquid sloshing in an upright circular tank under periodic and transient excitations, Physical Review Fluids, 5(8), 084801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J.S., Gao, J.L., Shi, H.B., Zang, J. and Liu, Q., 2022 Investigations on the second-order transient gap resonance induced by focused wave groups, Ocean Engineering, 263, 112430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, L., Tan, L., Zhou, Z.B., Zhao, M. and Ikoma, T., 2020. Two-dimensional numerical study of gap resonance coupling with motions of floating body moored close to a bottom-mounted wall, Physics of Fluids, 32(9), 092101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, L., Teng, B., Cheng, L., Sun, L. and Chen, X.B., 2011a. Modelling of multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves—Fluid resonance in narrow gaps, Science China Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 54(1), 16–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, L., Teng, B., Sun, L. and Chen, B., 2011b. Modelling of multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves—Fluid forces on floating bodies, Ocean Engineering, 38(13), 1403–1416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marleaux, P., Simonis, H. and Abdel-Maksoud, M., 2021 Time domain simulations of piston-like resonant flow in the gap of an oscillating twin-hull using inviscid and viscous flow solvers, Ocean Engineering, 223, 108672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miao, G.P., Ishida, H. and Saitoh, T., 2000. Influence of gaps between multiple floating bodies on wave forces, China Ocean Engineering, 14(4), 407–422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miao, G.P., Saitoh, T. and Ishida, H., 2001. Water wave interaction of twin large scale caissons with a small gap between, Coastal Engineering Journal, 43(1), 39–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milne, I.A., Kimmoun, O., Graham, J.M.R. and Molin, B., 2022 An experimental and numerical study of the resonant flow between a hull and a wall, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 930, A25.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Molin, B., Remy, F., Camhi, A. and Ledoux, A., 2009. Experimental and numerical study of the gap resonance in-between two rectangular barges, Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM 2009), Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 689–696.

  • Ning, D.Z., Su, X.J., Zhao, M. and Teng, B., 2015. Hydrodynamic difference of rectangular-box systems with and without narrow gaps, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 141(8), 04015023.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pan, Y., Yin, S., Chen, Y.P., Yang, Y.B., Xu, C.Y. and Xu, Z.S., 2022 An experimental study on the evolution of a submerged berm under the effects of regular waves in low-energy conditions, Coastal Engineering, 176, 104169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saitoh, T., Miao, G.P. and Ishida, H., 2006. Theoretical analysis on appearance condition of fluid resonance in a narrow gap between two modules of very large floating structure, Proceedings of the 3rd Asia-Pacific Workshop on Marine Hydrodynamics, Shanghai, China, pp. 170–175.

  • Tan, L., Cheng, L. and Ikoma, T., 2021. Damping of piston mode resonance between two fixed boxes, Physics of Fluids, 33(6), 062117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H.C., Draper, S., Zhao, W.H., Wolgamot, H. and Cheng, L., 2018. Development of a computational fluid dynamics model to simulate three-dimensional gap resonance driven by surface waves, Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 140(6), 061803.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H.M., Zhou, B.Z., Zang, J., Vogel, C., Fan, T.H. and Chen, C. H., 2021 Effects of narrow gap wave resonance on a dual-floater WEC-breakwater hybrid system, Ocean Engineering, 225, 108762.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, W., Taylor, P.H., Wolgamot, H.A. and Eatock Taylor, R., 2021 Gap resonance from linear to quartic wave excitation and the structure of nonlinear transfer functions, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 926, A3.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, W., Wolgamot, H.A., Taylor, P.H. and Eatock Taylor, R., 2017 Gap resonance and higher harmonics driven by focused transient wave groups, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 812, 905–939.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, H.R., Zhu, R.C. and Miao, G.P., 2008. A time domain investigation on the hydrodynamic resonance phenomena of 3-D multiple floating structures, Journal of Hydrodynamics, 20(5), 611–616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51911530205), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Nos. BK20201455 and BK20210885), the Key Laboratory of Port, Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of MOT (Grant No. YK222001-2), the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering (Grant No. kloe202010), the Key R&D Projects in Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2020B1111500001), and the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Universities. The authors also thank the Royal Society (Grant No. IEC\NSFC\181321) for providing partial support for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China

    Jun-liang Gao, Jing Lyu, Jian Zhang, Qian Liu & Tao Zou

  2. Key Laboratory of Port, Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of MOT, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China

    Jun-liang Gao

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

    Jing-hua Wang

  4. Centre for Infrastructure, Geotechnical and Water Engineering (IGWE), Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK

    Jun Zang

  5. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Tao Zou

Authors
  1. Jun-liang Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jing Lyu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jing-hua Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jian Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Qian Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jun Zang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Tao Zou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jian Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gao, Jl., Lyu, J., Wang, Jh. et al. Study on Transient Gap Resonance with Consideration of the Motion of Floating Body. China Ocean Eng 36, 994–1006 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-022-0087-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-022-0087-7

Key words

Search

Navigation