Abstract
A well-established 3D phase-averaged beach morphodynamic model was applied to investigate the morphodynamics of a typical artificial beach, and a series of discussions were made on the surfzone hydro-sedimentological processes under calm and storm events. Model results revealed that the nearshore wave-induced current presents a significant 3D structure under stormy waves, where the undertow and longshore currents exist simultaneously, forming a spirallike circulation system in the surfzone. Continuous longshore sediment transport would shorten the sediment supply in the cross-shore direction, subsequently suppress the formation of sandbars, showing that a typical recovery profile under calm waves does not necessarily develop, but with a competing process of onshore drift, undertow and longshore currents. Sediment transport rate during storms reaches several hundreds of times as those under calm waves, and two storm events contribute approximately 60% to the beach erosion. Sediment transport pattern under calm waves is mainly bed load, but as the fine sands underneath begin to expose, the contribution of suspended load becomes significant.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arcilla, A.S., Roelvink, J.A., O’Connor, B.A., Reniers, A. and Jiménez, J.A., 1993. The Delta Flume’93 experiment, Proceedings of Coastal Dynamics, ASCE, pp. 488–502.
Ardhuin, F., Rascle, N. and Belibassakis, K.A., 2008. Explicit wave-averaged primitive equations using a generalized Lagrangian mean, Ocean Modeling, 20(1), 35–60.
Cayocca, F., 2001. Long-term morphological modeling of a tidal inlet: the Arcachon Basin, France, Coastal Engineering, 42(2), 115–142.
Ding, Y. and Wang, S.S.Y., 2008. Development and application of a coastal and estuarine morphological process modeling system, Journal of Coastal Research, 2008(10052), 127–140.
Haas, K.A. and Warner, J.C., 2009. Comparing a quasi-3D to a full 3D nearshore circulation model: SHORECIRC and ROMS, Ocean Modeling, 26(1–2), 91–103.
Hou, Z., Zhang, S., Zuo, S. and Xie, M., 2013. Technical Report on Analysis of the Weifang Artificial Beach, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., China. (in Chinese)
Lesser, G.R., Roelvink, J.A., Van Kester, J.A.T.M. and Stelling, G.S., 2004. Development and validation of a three-dimensional morphological model, Coastal Engineering, 51(8–9), 883–915.
Lin, P. and Zhang. D., 2004. The depth-dependent radiation stresses and their effect on coastal currents, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamics VI Theory and Applications, pp. 247–253.
Liu, T., Yao, S., Zhao, Z., Xie, M., 2013. Technical Report on the Numerical Modeling of the Tidal Current Movement and Storm Surges in the Laizhou Bay, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., China. (in Chinese)
Longuet-Higgins, M.S., 2005. On wave set-up in shoaling water with a rough sea bed, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 527, 217–234.
McWilliams, J.C., Restrepo, J.M. and Lane, E.M., 2004. An asymptotic theory for the interaction of waves and currents in coastal waters, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 511, 135–178.
Mellor, G., 2003. The three-dimensional current and surface wave equations, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33(9), 1978–1989.
Mellor, G., 2005. Some consequences of the three-dimensional current and surface wave equations, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 35(11), 2291–2298.
Nam, P.T. and Larson, M., 2010. Model of nearshore waves and wave-induced currents around a detached breakwater, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 136(3), 156–176.
Nam, P.T., Larson, M., Hanson, H. and Le Hoan, X., 2011. A numerical model of beach morphological evolution due to waves and currents in the vicinity of coastal structures, Coastal Engineering, 58(9), 863–876.
Roelvink, D.J.A., Reniers, A., Van Dongeren, A., De Vries, J.V.T., Lescinski, J. and McCall, R., 2006. XBeach Model-Description and Manual 2.0, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education (Contract No. N62558-06-C-2006).
Roelvink, J.A., Reniers, A., Van Dongeren, A., De Vries, A.V.P., McCall, R. and Lescinski, J., 2009. Modelling storm impacts on beaches, dunes and barrier islands, Coastal Engineering, 56(11–12), 1133–1152.
Soulsby, R.L., Hamm, L., Klopman, G., Myrhaug, D., Simons, R.R. and Thomas, G.P., 1993. Wave-current interaction within and outside the bottom boundary layer, Coastal Engineering, 21(1–3), 41–69.
Steijn, R.C., 1989. Schematization of the Natural Conditions in Multi-Dimensional Numerical Models of Coastal Morphology, Delft Hydraulics/Rijkswaterstaat, Rept. H526, 1989.
Svendsen, I.A. and Lorenz, R.S., 1989. Velocities in combined undertow and longshore currents, Coastal Engineering, 13(1), 55–79.
Visser, P.J., 1991. Laboratory measurements of uniform longshore currents, Coastal Engineering, 15(5–6), 563–593.
Wang, C.J., 2001. Fluvial Dynamics, China Communication Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
Walstra, D.J.R., Roelvink, J.A. and Groeneweg, J., 2000. Calculation of wave-driven currents in a 3D mean flow model, Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Coastal Engineering (ICCE), Sydney, Australia.
Warner, J.C., Sherwood, C.R., Signell, R.P., Harris, C.K. and Arango, H.G., 2008. Development of a three-dimensional, regional, coupled wave, current, and sediment-transport model, Computers & Geosciences, 34(10), 1284–1306.
Wu, X.Z., Zhang, Q.H., 2009. A three-dimensional nearshore hydrodynamic model with depth-dependent radiation stresses, China Ocean Engineering, 23(2), 291–302.
Xia, H.Y., Xia, Z.W. and Zhu, L.S., 2004. Vertical variation in radiation stress and wave-induced current, Coastal Engineering, 51(4), 309–321.
Xie, M.X., 2011. Establishment, validation and discussions of a three dimensional wave-induced current model, Ocean Modelling, 38(3–4), 230–243.
Xie, M.X., 2012. Three-dimensional numerical modelling of the wave-induced rip currents under irregular bathymetry, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 24(6), 864–872.
Xie, M.X., Zhang, C., Yang, Z.W., Li, S., Li, X., Guo, W.J. and Zuo, S.H., 2017. Numerical modeling of the undertow structure and sandbar migration in the surfzone, China Ocean Engineering, 31(5), 549–558.
Xie, M.X., Zhang, C., Li, J.Z., Li, S., Yang, Z.W., Zhang, H.Q., and Qu, K., 2021. Flow structure and bottom friction of the nonlinear turbulent boundary layer under stormy waves, Coastal Engineering, 164, 103811.
Zhang, C., Xie, M.X., Sun, J.W., Wang, P., Fan, W.Z. and Xu, P.F., 2019. Numerical analysis of the erosion mechanism for beach nourishment: a case study, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference, Coastal Sediments, Petersburg, Florida, USA, pp. 399–411.
Zhou, J., 2014. Artificial Beach of Weifang Tourist Resort: Evolution Monitoring and Stability Analysis, MSc. Thesis, Ocean University of China, Qingdao. (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: The works was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51779112 and 51879096), and Research Innovation Fund of Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering (Grant Nos. TKS20200401 and TKS180405).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xie, Mx., Li, S., Zhang, C. et al. Investigation and Discussion on the Beach Morphodynamic Response Under Storm Events Based on A Three-Dimensional Numerical Model. China Ocean Eng 35, 12–25 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-021-0002-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-021-0002-7