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Molecular identification and clinical characteristics of mumps virus and human herpesviruses associated with aseptic meningitis in South of Iran

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Abstract

Viral infections are the major etiological agent of aseptic meningitis; though, limited data exist on the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of viral pathogens responsible for the occurrence of aseptic meningitis in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the prevalence and clinical features of mumps virus and human herpesviruses associated with aseptic meningitis in the South of Iran. A total of 73 patients with aseptic meningitis were enrolled in this study. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples were tested for detection of HSV, CMV, VZV and mumps virus using nested PCR assay. Mumps virus, HSV-1 and VZV were found in 4 (5.5%), 4 (5.5%) and 3 (4.1%) of the CSF samples, respectively. The highest rates of mumps virus and HSV infections were observed in infants less than one year, and VZV was more prevalent in patients under 5 years of age. The majority of mumps virus and VZV infections were found among male patients, while HSV was more prevalent among female patients. The highest incidence of aseptic meningitis associated with mumps virus was observed in summer, while HSV and VZV were more prevalent during spring. Headache was the most common symptom in mumps meningitis. About HSV and VZV, the most predominant clinical symptom was fever. The results of this study indicate the importance of molecular assay in the diagnosis of etiological agents of aseptic meningitis. Prompt detection of viral pathogens provides a better chance of managing viral meningitis in health care settings.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Deputy Research and Affairs of the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences for financial support and also the Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center for material support.

Funding

The Deputy Research and Affairs of Bushehr University of Medical Science funded this study with grant number 4359.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Reza Taherkhani & Fatemeh Farshadpour

  2. The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Street, 7514633341, Bushehr, Iran

    Reza Taherkhani & Fatemeh Farshadpour

Authors
  1. Reza Taherkhani
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  2. Fatemeh Farshadpour
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Contributions

FF and TR designed and performed the study. FF drafted and edited the manuscript. All authors approved the final draft of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fatemeh Farshadpour.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declared that they do not have anything to disclose regarding conflict of interest with respect to this manuscript.

Ethical approval

The ethical approval was given by the Ethical Committee of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences (reference number bpums.rec.1394.29).

Consent to participate

The patients or their legal guardians gave written informed consent for the use of their leftover CSF samples for viral detection to participate in the study.

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The participants gave written informed consent to publish their data in a journal article.

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Taherkhani, R., Farshadpour, F. Molecular identification and clinical characteristics of mumps virus and human herpesviruses associated with aseptic meningitis in South of Iran. VirusDis. 32, 666–673 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-021-00718-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-021-00718-y

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