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Biology, Host Range, Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of White spot syndrome virus

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Abstract

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most serious viral pathogen of cultured shrimp. It is a highly virulent virus that can spread quickly and can cause up to 100 % mortality in 3–10 days. WSSV is a large enveloped double stranded DNA virus belonging to genus Whispovirus of the virus family Nimaviridae. It has a wide host range among crustaceans and mainly affects commercially cultivated marine shrimp species. The virus infects all age groups causing large scale mortalities and the foci of infection are tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin, such as gills, lymphoid organ and cuticular epithelium. The whole genome sequencing of WSSV from China, Thailand and Taiwan have revealed minor genetic differences among different strains. There are varying reports regarding the factors responsible for WSSV virulence which include the differences in variable number of tandem repeats, the genome size and presence or absence of different proteins. Aim of this review is to give current information on the status, host range, pathogenesis and diagnosis of WSSV infection.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are gratefully acknowledging the funding support from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Indian Institute of Spices Research, Peruvannamuzhi, Kozhikode, 673528, Kerala, India

    Balakrishnan Pradeep

  2. Department of Fishery Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Mangalore, 575 002, India

    Praveen Rai, Seethappa A. Mohan & Indrani Karunasagar

  3. Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India

    Mudagandur S. Shekhar

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  1. Balakrishnan Pradeep
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Pradeep, B., Rai, P., Mohan, S.A. et al. Biology, Host Range, Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of White spot syndrome virus . Indian J. Virol. 23, 161–174 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-012-0079-y

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