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Epigenetic Regulation of Axon Outgrowth and Regeneration in CNS Injury: The First Steps Forward

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Neurotherapeutics

Abstract

Inadequate axonal sprouting and lack of regeneration limit functional recovery following neurologic injury, such as stroke, brain, and traumatic spinal cord injury. Recently, the enhancement of the neuronal regenerative program has led to promising improvements in axonal sprouting and regeneration in animal models of axonal injury. However, precise knowledge of the essential molecular determinants of this regenerative program remains elusive, thus limiting the choice of fully effective therapeutic strategies. Given that molecular regulation of axonal outgrowth and regeneration requires carefully orchestrated waves of gene expression, both temporally and spatially, epigenetic changes may be an ideal regulatory mechanism to address this unique need. While recent evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications could contribute to the regulation of axonal outgrowth and regeneration following axonal injury in models of stroke, and spinal cord and optic nerve injury, a number of unanswered questions remain. Such questions require systematic investigation of the epigenetic landscape between regenerative and non-regenerative conditions for the potential translation of this knowledge into regenerative strategies in human spinal and brain injury, as well as stroke.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge the Hertie Foundation, the DFG (grant DI140731), and Wings for Life for their financial support.

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  1. Laboratory for NeuroRegeneration and Repair, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller Strasse 27, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany

    Ricco Lindner, Radhika Puttagunta & Simone Di Giovanni

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  1. Ricco Lindner
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  2. Radhika Puttagunta
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  3. Simone Di Giovanni
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Correspondence to Simone Di Giovanni.

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Lindner, R., Puttagunta, R. & Di Giovanni, S. Epigenetic Regulation of Axon Outgrowth and Regeneration in CNS Injury: The First Steps Forward. Neurotherapeutics 10, 771–781 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-013-0203-8

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