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LncRNAs: key players and novel insights into cervical cancer

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

Cervical cancer contributed the second highest number of deaths in female cancers, exceeded only by breast cancer, carrying high risks of morbidity and mortality. There was a great need and urgency in searching novel treatment targets and prognosis biomarkers to improve the survival rate of cervical cancer patients. Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were emerging as pivotal regulators in various biological processes and took vitally an effect on the oncogenesis and progression of cervical cancer. In this review, we summarized the origin and overview function of lncRNAs; highlighted the roles of lncRNAs in cervical cancer in terms of prognosis and tumor progression, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis, and radio-resistance; and outlined the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in cervical cancer from the aspects of the interaction of lncRNAs with proteins/mRNAs (especially in HPV protein) and miRNAs, as well as RNA N-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of lncRNAs. Meanwhile, the application of lncRNAs as biomarkers in cervical cancer prognosis and predictors for metastasis was also discussed. An overview of these researches will be valuable for broadening horizons into mechanisms, selection of meritorious biomarkers for diagnosis as well as prognosis, and future targeted therapy of cervical cancer.

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Abbreviations

AUC:

Areas under the ROC curve

ceRNA:

Competing endogenous RNA

lncRNA-CCHE1:

Cervical carcinoma high-expressed lncRNA 1

EMT:

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

EZH2:

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2

GAS5:

Growth arrest-specific transcript 5

HOTAIR:

Hox transcript antisense intergenic lncRNA

LincRNA:

Long intergenic non-coding RNA

LncRNAs:

Long ncRNAs

lncRNA-ANRIL:

lncRNA-antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus

LncRNA-EBIC:

EZH2-binding lncRNA in cervical cancer

LncRNA-LET:

lncRNA low expression in tumor

m6A:

N-Methyladenosine

MALAT1:

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

MEG3:

Maternally expressed gene 3

MMP-9:

Matrix metalloproteinase-9

MREs:

miRNA response elements

ncRNAs:

Non-coding RNAs

NEAT2:

Nuclear-enriched transcript 2

PCNA:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VIM:

Vimentin

SCARLET:

Site-specific cleavage and radioactive-labeling followed by ligation-assisted extraction and thin-layer chromatography

TUSC8:

Tumor suppressor candidate 8

Xist:

X inactive-specific transcript

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (2015zzts096), the Science and Technology Department Research Foundation of Hunan province (12JJ2052), and the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University (CSU2C2013048). Also, we thank Doctor Hui Xie and Junsong Chen for critical reading and reviewing the manuscript.

Authors’ contributions

LP collected the references and drafted the manuscript. GCL and XQY participated in the design of the review and helped to draft the manuscript. BYJ and ZLT revised critically the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China

    Li Peng, Binyuan Jiang & Guan-Cheng Li

  2. Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Changsha, 410078, China

    Li Peng, Binyuan Jiang & Guan-Cheng Li

  3. Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410078, China

    Li Peng, Binyuan Jiang & Guan-Cheng Li

  4. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China

    Xiaoqing Yuan

  5. Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, China

    Xiaoqing Yuan

  6. Department of Medical Record Management and Statistics, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China

    Zaili Tang

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Peng, L., Yuan, X., Jiang, B. et al. LncRNAs: key players and novel insights into cervical cancer. Tumor Biol. 37, 2779–2788 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-4663-9

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