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Relevance of miR-21 in HIV and non-HIV-related lymphomas

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

The critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cell differentiation, homeostasis and cancer development has been extensively discussed in recent publications. The microRNAs with RISC enzyme complex allow it to find its complementary sequence, which is usually located in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of the target messenger RNA (mRNA). This is followed by inhibition of protein translation or promotion, resulting in degradation of the target gene. miR-21 has been mapped at chromosome 17q23.2, where it overlaps with the protein coding gene vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1), a human homologue of rat vacuole membrane protein. Recent evidence indicates that miR-21 plays a vital role in tumour cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. The inhibition of miR-21 may induce cell cycle arrest and increased chemosensitivity to anticancer agents, providing evidence that miR-21 functions as an oncogene in human cancer. Increased expression levels of miR-21 were observed in tumours arising from diverse tissue types. This also includes tumours of haematological origin, such as chronic lymphatic leukaemia, diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), acute myeloid leukaemia and Hodgkin lymphomas. Recently, it has been shown that high levels of B cell activation were induced by miR-21 in circulating B cells and are seen in HIV-infected individual. Notably, miR-21 is overexpressed in activated B cells, suggesting its assistance in maintaining B cell hyperactivation, which plays a pivotal role in HIV-infected cells. Therefore, miR-21 can be considered as a powerful biomarker in HIV-related lymphomas. The number of studies related to the role of miR-21 in HIV-related lymphomas is sparse; therefore, this mini review highlights the recent publications related to clinical impact and significance of miR-21, specifically in HIV- and non-HIV-related lymphomas.

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Acknowledgements

All the authors are thankful to the Pondicherry Centre for Biological centre (PCBS) for providing the necessary facility to carry out the work. Financial support as start-up loan from the State Bank of India (RASMECC), Pondicherry, India, to establish the institute is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pondicherry Centre for Biological Sciences, Jawahar Nagar, Pondicherry, 605005, India

    Durairaj Sekar, Villianur Ibrahim Hairul Islam, Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham & Subramanian Saravanan

  2. Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600034, India

    Subramanian Saravanan

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  1. Durairaj Sekar
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  2. Villianur Ibrahim Hairul Islam
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Correspondence to Durairaj Sekar.

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Sekar, D., Hairul Islam, V.I., Thirugnanasambantham, K. et al. Relevance of miR-21 in HIV and non-HIV-related lymphomas. Tumor Biol. 35, 8387–8393 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2068-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2068-9

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