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Effect of ionizing radiation on the DNA damage response in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

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Abstract

The DNA damage response (DDR) is induced by various DNA damaging factors and maintains genome stability in all organisms. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome contains putative homologous genes involved in DDR; however, little is known about the functions and responses of these genes to DNA damage. In this study, DDR by gamma radiation was determined in C. reinhardtii. Irradiation with 80, and 200 Gy gamma radiation caused death in approximately 47 and 97 % of C. reinhardtii cells, respectively. The absolute lethality of cells was at 300 Gy. The rate of DNA breaks was also determined using comet assays after exposure to different doses of gamma radiation. Irradiation with 80 and 400 Gy resulted in 17 and 34 % of nuclear degradation in C. reinhardtii cells, respectively. To identify the major DDR pathway of C. reinhardtii induced by gamma radiation, 24 putative DDR genes were selected from the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) database. Gamma radiation significantly affected expression of 15 genes among these. Therefore, these genes displaying expressional changes by gamma radiation are involved in DDR, which indicate that C. reinhardtii may possess a fundamental conserved DDR pathway with higher plants. Furthermore, radiation responsive proteins were identified by proteomic analysis, which are involved in metabolisms of carbohydrate, energy, and photosynthesis. This is the first report to describe the responses of DDR homologous genes to gamma radiation and to identify gamma radiation-responsive proteins in C. reinhardtii. Our data should provide molecular insights into gamma radiation responses including DNA damage in green algae.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the research program of KAERI, Republic of Korea and basic science program through the national research foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2014R1A1A2055300).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1266 Sinjeong, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 580-185, Korea

    Kwang Min Koo, Sera Jung, Jin-Baek Kim, Sang Hoon Kim, Soon Jae Kwon, Si-Yong Kang & Joon-Woo Ahn

  2. Molecular Biofarming Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-806, Korea

    Won-Joong Jeong

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Korea

    Gook Hyun Chung

  4. Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Korea

    Yoon-E Choi

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  1. Kwang Min Koo
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Correspondence to Yoon-E Choi or Joon-Woo Ahn.

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Koo KM, Jung S, Kim JB, Kim SH, Kwon SJ, Jeong WJ, Chung GH, Kang SY, Choi YE, and Ahn JW declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Koo, K.M., Jung, S., Kim, JB. et al. Effect of ionizing radiation on the DNA damage response in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . Genes Genom 39, 63–75 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-016-0472-9

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