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A phylogenetic and taxonomic re-evaluation of the Bipolaris - Cochliobolus - Curvularia Complex

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Abstract

Three genera, Cochliobolus, Bipolaris and Curvularia form a complex that contains many plant pathogens, mostly on grasses (Poaceae) with a worldwide distribution. The taxonomy of this complex is confusing as frequent nomenclatural changes and refinements have occurred. There is no clear morphological boundary between the asexual genera Bipolaris and Curvularia, and some species show intermediate morphology. We investigated this complex based on a set of ex-type cultures and collections from northern Thailand. Combined gene analysis of rDNA ITS (internal transcribed spacer), GPDH (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), LSU (large subunit) and EF1-α (translation elongation factor 1-α) shows that this generic complex divides into two groups. Bipolaris and Cochliobolus species clustered in Group 1 along with their type species, whereas Curvularia species (including species named as Bipolaris, Cochliobolus and Curvularia) clustered in Group 2, with its generic type. The nomenclatural conflict in this complex is resolved giving priority to the more commonly used established generic names Bipolaris and Curvularia. Modern descriptions of the genera Bipolaris and Curvularia are provided and species resolved in this study are transferred to one of these genera based on their phylogeny.

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Acknowledgements

This study is funded by China NSFC (31110103906) and CAS (KSCX2-YW-Z-1026) and Thailand Research Fund BRG528002. Dimuthu S. Manamgoda thanks the State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing and the Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Mai, Thailand for a postgraduate scholarship. Amy Y. Rossman (USDA- ARS) is thanked for the helpful comments on the nomenclatural decisions. Dhanushka Udayanga (Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai) and Fang Liu (CAS, Beijing) are thanked for the assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Dimuthu S. Manamgoda, Ekachai Chukeatirote & Kevin D. Hyde

  2. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Dimuthu S. Manamgoda, Ekachai Chukeatirote & Kevin D. Hyde

  3. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Dimuthu S. Manamgoda & Lei Cai

  4. Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand

    Eric H. C. McKenzie

  5. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, Netherlands

    Pedro W. Crous & Hugo Madrid

  6. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Plant Pathology Herbarium (BRIP), Plant Biosecurity Science, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia

    Roger G. Shivas & Yu Pei Tan

Authors
  1. Dimuthu S. Manamgoda
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  2. Lei Cai
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  3. Eric H. C. McKenzie
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  4. Pedro W. Crous
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  5. Hugo Madrid
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  6. Ekachai Chukeatirote
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  7. Roger G. Shivas
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  8. Yu Pei Tan
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  9. Kevin D. Hyde
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Correspondence to Lei Cai or Kevin D. Hyde.

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Manamgoda, D.S., Cai, L., McKenzie, E.H.C. et al. A phylogenetic and taxonomic re-evaluation of the Bipolaris - Cochliobolus - Curvularia Complex. Fungal Diversity 56, 131–144 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0189-2

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