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Phylogenetic placement of lichenicolous Phoma species in the Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes)

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Abstract

More than twenty species of lichenicolous fungi have been described in Phoma, a large anamorphic genus of primarily plant-associated pathogens with broad geographic distributions. We obtained nuclear and mitochondrial rDNA sequences from 19 fungal cultures isolated from specimens representing four described and two undescribed lichenicolous species in the genus. Our multilocus phylogeny indicates that lichenicolous Phoma species represent at least two phylogenetically distinct clades in the Phaeosphaeriaceae, one including a new species, Phoma puncteliae, isolated from a specimen of Punctelia rudecta collected in Maryland, USA, and another group of primarily lichenicolous species. This latter group includes four described lichenicolous Phoma species, an unidentified melanized rock fungus, and a new lichenicolous Phoma species isolated from Xanthomendoza species collected in Canada that we are naming P. xanthomendozae. Some specimens in this clade collected from different lichen genera and species were found to be very similar genetically, which calls into question the recent practice of recognizing lichenicolous Phoma species mainly by differences in host preference.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Peter Scholz for providing us with a copy of the original description of Phoma pisutii, and Walter Obermayer for searching for an isotype of P. pisutii. Sequencing partially supported by grant DEB 0841405 from the National Science Foundation. MPN is supported by the Brown Family Graduate Fellowship through the Field Museum.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA

    James D. Lawrey & Masoumeh Sikaroodi

  2. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Munster, L-2160, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Paul Diederich

  3. Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1025 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Matthew P. Nelsen

  4. Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA

    Matthew P. Nelsen

  5. Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada

    Colin Freebury

  6. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Domaine de Bouchout, B–1860, Meise, Belgium

    Dries Van den Broeck & Damien Ertz

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  1. James D. Lawrey
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Correspondence to James D. Lawrey.

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Table S1

Specimens and sequences used in two-locus (nuLSU + mtSSU) phylogenetic analysis of lichenicolous Phoma species and relatives in the Pleosporales (Fig. 1). (XLSX 16 kb)

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Lawrey, J.D., Diederich, P., Nelsen, M.P. et al. Phylogenetic placement of lichenicolous Phoma species in the Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Fungal Diversity 55, 195–213 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0166-9

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