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The white-rotting genus Phanerochaete is polyphyletic and distributed throughout the phleboid clade of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)

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Abstract

The genus Phanerochaete (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) has traditionally been delimited based on the gross morphology of the fruiting body and on the nature of the hyphal structure, cystidia, and spores. However, several recent studies based on molecular data indicate that the genus is polyphyletic as presently circumscribed, although most of its species are found in the phlebioid clade of the Polyporales. To further our understanding of the genus, 54 new sequences from the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of 45 previously unsequenced Phanerochaete species were obtained and analyzed jointly with a large selection of taxa in the phlebioid clade. The results show that there is a well-supported Phanerochaete core group that includes the type species Phanerochaete velutina (the currently accepted name of the generic type, Thelephora alnea). Representatives of a few satellite genera, including Hjortstamia, Phlebiopsis, and Rhizochaete, are found in the immediate topological vicinity of Phanerochaete.

Outside the core group but still within the phlebioid clade are several taxa that have been referred to as members of Phanerochaete by some authors but that are here assigned to at least five different monophyletic clades. Phanerochaete viticola is found in the Hymenochaetales and is shown to have phylogenetic affinities to the partially symbiotic Rickenellaceae. A new genus, Ginnsia, is erected for this species, and the new combinations Ginnsia viticola, Hjortstamia brunneocystidiata, H. laxa, and Phlebiopsis lamprocystidiata are proposed. A denser taxon and gene sampling in the phleboid clade will be needed to settle the precise taxonomic affiliation of many of the species presently referred to as Phanerochaete, and numerous nomenclatural changes are doubtlessly looming on the horizon.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant (NSC98-2811-B-178-001) from the National Science Council of the ROC. Some collections offered for this phylogenetic study were made by Ms. S.Z. Chen. We thank Ms. S.Y. Chen for her assistance in obtaining partial DNA isolation for this study. Support to RHN from the Frontiers in Biodiversity Research Centre of Excellence (University of Tartu, Estonia) is gratefully acknowledged. Shaun Pennycook has been most helpful in the revision of the manuscript. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Sheng-Hua Wu, Cheng-Tao Chen & Shi-Yi Yu

  2. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30, Göteborg, Sweden

    Henrik R. Nilsson & Nils Hallenberg

  3. Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St., 51005, Tartu, Estonia

    Henrik R. Nilsson

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  1. Sheng-Hua Wu
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Correspondence to Nils Hallenberg.

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Wu, SH., Nilsson, H.R., Chen, CT. et al. The white-rotting genus Phanerochaete is polyphyletic and distributed throughout the phleboid clade of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota). Fungal Diversity 42, 107–118 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-010-0031-7

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