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Evaluation of Toxicological Hazards from Medical Radioiodine Administration

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Fig. 1

Notes

  1. See Example Scenario B for further explanation on the use of the gamma constant.

  2. The occupancy factor of 0.25 implies that a person is present 25 % of the time at a certain distance from a source of radiation. The 5 mSv standard is based on a number of factors such as the occupancy factor, inputted into specific equations. Please see NUREG-1556, volume 9, revision 2 [9], for further guidance on these.

  3. See calculations under Example Scenario A for an in-depth explanation on the use of the decay equation.

  4. The 5 mSv and 33 mCi standard are based on a number of factors inputted into specific equations. Please see NUREG-1556, volume 9, revision 2 [9], for further guidance on these factors and the potential variance of patient-specific release rates.

  5. Dose equivalence rate is different from exposure rate in that it takes into account the biological effect of different types of radiation. Exposure rate can be directly measured or determined from the radionuclide of interest and its activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions to this paper: Mr. Jim Hardeman, Georgia Poison Center, and Dr. Adam Pomerleau and Mr. John Dixon, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Miriam Van Dyke

  2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Toxicology, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, 3ED-346, MS #625, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA

    Mohan Punja

  3. Environmental Health and Safety Office, Emory University, 1762 Clifton Rd NE, Suite 1200, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Michael J. Hall

  4. Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE (MS F59), Atlanta, GA, USA

    Ziad Kazzi

  5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University and the Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Ziad Kazzi

Authors
  1. Miriam Van Dyke
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  2. Mohan Punja
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  4. Ziad Kazzi
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Correspondence to Miriam Van Dyke.

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Van Dyke, M., Punja, M., Hall, M.J. et al. Evaluation of Toxicological Hazards from Medical Radioiodine Administration. J. Med. Toxicol. 11, 96–101 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-014-0412-5

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