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Recognising Young Children’s Understandings and Experiences of Community

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Abstract

Since the introduction of the Child Friendly Cities Initiative in 1996, children and young people’s participation in consultation has become an increasingly important element of the planning and community development strategies of many government and community organisations throughout Australia. This has been the case in the city of Wodonga, Victoria, Australia, where commitment to the development of child-friendly communities has been enacted through a number of consultations with children and young people. In the period 2009–2010, a team comprising local council officers and researchers extended previous attempts to include children and young people’s perspectives of, expectations for, and experiences of their local community in future planning. In this paper, we report on part of this overall project. In particular, we report the views of 90 children aged 2–6 years and five early childhood educators who mediated and implemented the project with these children. Children shared their views through a variety of participatory rights-based approaches including drawing, modeling, photography, and conversations. Educators were interviewed about the children’s participation in the project and their own expectations of this participation. After thematic analyses, we highlight two themes in educator comments: perceptions of children’s communities; and young children’s perceived competence in sharing their views about their communities. We contrast educator perceptions with data from children and conclude that, despite the best of intentions, children’s participation was sometimes limited by the boundaries imposed by a restricted adult view of children’s competence and experience. This, in turn, meant that the diverse ways in which young children demonstrated their sense of belonging to place and community were not always recognised.

Résumé

Depuis l’introduction en 1996 de l’initiative «Villes amies des enfants», la participation des enfants et des jeunes aux consultations est devenue un élément de plus en plus important de la planification et des stratégies de développement communautaire de nombreux gouvernements et organisations communautaires en Australie. Cela a été le cas de la ville de Wodonga, Province de Victoria en Australie, où l’engagement pour le développement de communautés amies des enfants s’est manifesté au travers de plusieurs consultations avec des enfants et des jeunes. Au cours de la période 2009–2010, une équipe composée de représentants des autorités locales et de chercheurs a élargi les tentatives antérieures d’inclure les points de vue des enfants et des jeunes, leurs attentes et leurs expériences de leur communauté locale dans la planification future. Dans cet article, nous relatons une partie de ce projet global. En particulier, nous relatons les opinions de 90 enfants âgés de 2 à 6 ans et de cinq éducateurs de la petite enfance qui ont assuré la médiation et la mise en œuvre du projet avec ces enfants. Les enfants ont partagé leurs opinions au travers de diverses approches participatives fondées sur les droits, notamment le dessin, le modelage, la photographie et les conversations. Les éducateurs ont été interrogés sur la participation des enfants au projet et leurs propres attentes envers cette participation. Après des analyses thématiques, nous soulignons deux thèmes parmi les commentaires des éducateurs : les perceptions des communautés des enfants et la compétence perçue des jeunes enfants à partager leur opinion sur leurs communautés. Nous avons comparé les perceptions des éducateurs et les données provenant des enfants et avons conclu que, malgré les meilleures intentions, la participation des enfants était parfois restreinte par les limites imposées par une vision réductrice de l’adulte de la compétence et de l’expérience des enfants. Cela voulait donc dire que les différentes façons dont les jeunes enfants exprimaient leur sentiment d’appartenance au lieu et à la communauté n’étaient pas toujours reconnues.

Resumen

Desde la introducción de la Iniciativa de Ciudades Amigas de los Niños en 1996, la participación de niños y jóvenes en las consultas y encuestas se ha convertido en un elemento cada vez más importante en la planificación y estrategia de desarrollo comunitario de muchas organizaciones gubernamentales y comunitarias en todo Australia. Este ha sido el caso en la ciudad de Wodonga, Victoria, Australia, donde el compromiso con el desarrollo de comunidades amigas de los niños ha sido promulgado a través de una serie de consultas con niños y jóvenes. En el periodo de 2009 a 2010, un equipo integrado por funcionarios del consejo local e investigadores extendieron los intentos anteriores para incluir en la planificación futura, las perspectivas, las expectativas y las experiencias de niños y jóvenes acerca de su comunidad local. En este estudio, se presenta una parte de este proyecto global. En particular, se presentan los puntos de vista de 90 niños de 2 a 6 años y de cinco educadores de la primera infancia que mediaron e implementaron el proyecto con estos niños. Los niños compartieron sus puntos de vista a través de una variedad de enfoques participativos basados en los derechos incluyendo el dibujo, el modelado, la fotografía y las conversaciones. Los educadores fueron entrevistados acerca de la participación de los niños en el proyecto y sus propias expectativas sobre esta participación. Después de los análisis temáticos destacamos dos temas en los comentarios de los educadores: las percepciones de las comunidades de los niños; y la competencia que los niños pequeños perciben al compartir sus puntos de vista acerca de sus comunidades. Contrastamos las percepciones de los educadores con datos de los niños y concluimos que a pesar de las mejores intenciones, la participación de los niños a veces se vio limitada por los límites impuestos por una visión adulta restringida sobre la competencia y experiencia de los niños. Esto a su vez, significó que las diversas formas en que los niños pequeños demostraron su sentido de pertenencia al lugar y a la comunidad, no siempre fueron reconocidas.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Wodonga City Council in this project. With Charles Sturt University, the council provided financial support and facilitated the implementation of the project. We also wish to thank the children, young people and educators who participated in the project, sharing their expertise and understandings.

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Correspondence to Sue Dockett.

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Notes

A number of these can be viewed at the UNICEF website http://www.childfriendlycities.org/en/to-learn-more/examples-of-cfc-initiatives/australia.

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Dockett, S., Kearney, E. & Perry, B. Recognising Young Children’s Understandings and Experiences of Community. IJEC 44, 287–305 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-012-0073-y

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