Abstract
Vegetation and soil are important factors in coastal wetland landscape evolution. This paper investigates the relationship between the aboveground biomass of Spartina alterniflora and soil factors of varying settling ages in Yancheng, China using correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results indicate the following: (1) Soil factors varied significantly with different settlement ages of S. alterniflora that expanded toward the land and sea. Soil bulk density decreased with settlement age and was lowest for growth period IV (10 – 16 year old sites) whereas an opposite trend was shown for soil moisture. Soil salinity and soil nutrients were highest for growth period III (6 – 10 year old sites) (2) Principal component analysis demonstrated that soil bulk density, moisture and salinity are the main soil factors that drive landscape evolution in S. alterniflora marshes. (3) There was a significant positive correlation between S. alterniflora biomass and the organic matter and bulk density of soil (p < 0.05). Results showed that the invasion and settlement of S. alterniflora in the coastal wetland of Yancheng are changing the physical and chemical properties of the coastal wetland soil. This study has contributed to an understanding of wetland succession in the coastal landscape.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alonso-Pereza F, Ruiz-Luna A, Turner J (2003) Land cover changes and impact of shrimp aquacul- ture on the landscape in the Ceuta coastal lagoon system, Sinaloa, Mexico[J]. Ocean and Coastal Management 46:583–600
Asif A, Shaikhl KG, Kaoru T (2005) Multi-temporal analysis of land cover changes in Nagasaki city associatedwith natural disasters using satellite remote sensing. Journal of Natural Disaster Science 27(1):9–15
Ayres DR, Smith DL, Zaremba K, et al. (2004) Spread of exotic cordgrasses and hybrids (Spartina sp.) in the tidal marshes of San Francisco Bay, California, USA. Biological Invasions 6:221–231
Baskent EZ, Kadioğullari AI (2007) Spatial and temporal dynamics of land use pattern in Turkey: a case study in Inegol. Landscape and Urban Planning 81:316–327
Bockelmann AC, Bakker JP, Neuhaus R, Lage J (2002) The relation between vegetation zonation, elevation and inundation frequency in a Wadden Sea salt marsh[J]. Aquatic Botany 73:211–221
Costa CSB, Marangoni JC, Azevedo AMG (2003) Plant zonation in irregularly flooded salt marshes: relative importance of stress tolerance and biological interactions. Journal of Ecology 91:951–965
Ewanchuk PJ, Bertness MD (2004) The role of waterlogging in maintaining forb pannes in northern New England salt marshes[J]. Ecology 85:1568–1574
Fagherazzi S, Wiberg PL, Temmerman S, Struyf E, Zhao Y, Raymond PA (2013) Fluxes of water, sediments, and bio -geochemical compounds in salt marshes. Fagherazzi[J]. Ecological Processes 2:3
Fromard F, Vega C, Proisy C (2004) Half a century of dynamic coastal change affecting mangrove shorelines of French Guiana. A case study based on remote sensing data analyses and field surveys. Marine Geology 208:265–280
Fu B, Chen L, Ma K, et al. (2004) Landscape ecology theory and application. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 269–270
Gao J, Yang G, Ou W (2005) Analyzing and quantitively evaluating the organic matter source at different ecological zones of tidal salt marsh, North Jiangsu Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science 26(6):51–56
Gillet F (2008) Modelling vegetation dynamics in heterogeneous pasture-woodland landscapes. Ecological Modelling 217:1–18
Grevstad FS, Strong DR, Garcia-Rossi DG, Switzer RW, Wecker MS (2003) Biological control of Spartina alterniflora in Willapa Bay, Washington using the planthopper Prokelisia maginata: agent specificity and early results. Biological Control 27:32–42
Howes BL, Dacey JWH, Goehringer DD (1986) Factors controlling the growth form of Spartina alterniflora: feedbacks between above-ground production, sediment oxidation, nitrogen and salinity. The Journal of Ecology 74:881–898
Kahlert M, Hasselrot AT, Hillebrand H, Pettersson K (2002) Spatial and temporal variation in the biomass and nutrient status of epilithic algae in Lake Erken, Sweden. Freshwater Biology 47:1191–1215
Lawrenee DSL, Allen JRL, Havelock GM (2004) Saltmarsh morphodynamies: an investigation of tidalflows and marsh channel equilibrium[J]. Journal of Coastal Research 20:301–316
Leonard LA, Wren PA, Beavers RL (2002) Flow dynamics and sedimentation in Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis marshes of the Chesapeake Bay. Wetlands 22:415–424
Pennings SC, Callaway RM (1996) Impact of a parasitic plant on the structure and dynamics of salt marsh vegetation [J]. Ecology 77:1410–1419
Pennings SC, Silliman BR (2005) Linking biogeography and community ecology: latitudinal variation in plant-herbivore interaction strength[J]. Ecology 86:2310–2319
Qin P, Zuo P, He Z (2004) Coastal system ecology[M]. Chemical Industry Press, Beijing
Ren-Shun Z et al. (2005) Formation of Spartina alterniflora salt marsh on Jiangsu coast. China Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica 6(4):358–366
Ru-Shen L (2000) Soil agricultural chemical analysis method. China’s Agricultural Science and Technology Press, Nanjing
Taylor CM, Davis HG, Civille JC, Grevstad FS, Hastings A (2004) Consequences of an allee effect in the invasion of a Pacific estuary by Spartina alterniflora. Ecology 85:3254–3266
Vince SW, Snow AA (1984) Plant zonation in an Alaskan salt marsh distribution abundance and environmental factors[J]. Journal of Ecology 72:651–667
Wang A, Zhang S, He Y (2002) Research on dynamic changes of the Sanjiang Plain Wetlands supported by RS and GIS[J]. Geographical Sciences 22(5):636–640
Wang Q, Wang C, Huang S, Sha CY, Ruan J, Wang M (2012) Research progress of salt marsh plant communities: distribution, succession and impact factors[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences 21(2):375–388
Wang C, Liu HY, Zhang Y, et al. (2013) Classification of land-cover types in muddy tidal flat wetlands using remote sensing data [J]. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 7(1):073457–073457
Yang G, Shi Y, Zhang C (2002) Ecological response of tidal flats to sea level change in wetland of Binghai, Jiangsu[J]. Geographical Science 57(3):327–334
Zhang R, Shen Y, Lu L, et al. (2005) Forming of Jiangsu coastal artificial Spartina alterniflora salt marsh grasses[J]. Oceanology and Limnology 48(4):35–44
Zhi-gang MA, Xiu-zhen LI, Yan-long HE, Wen-yong GUO, Yong-guang SUN, Yue JIA (2010) Analysis of environmental factors of small-scale vegetation differentiation in Chongming Dongtan Marsh[J]. Yangtze River Basin Resources and Environment 19(22):130–134
Zhong C, Wang J, Xing W, Zhang W (2010) TN, TP and OM profile characteristics of Northern Jiangsu salt marsh soil under different vegetation and hydrological conditions [J]. Beijing Forestry University Newspaper 32(3):186–190
Zuo P, Liu C, Zhao S, Wang C, Liang Y (2009) The status quo distribution of Spartina alterniflora species in the coastal zone of China[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 31(5):101–111
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the laboratory staff under Ms. Liu Hongyu, Yancheng National Nature Reserve, as well as teachers and students from the Environmental Monitoring and Ecological Restoration Laboratory of Jiangsu Province. This study supported by Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41471317). This study supported by the fund of Jiangsu institute of technology of social science fund(KYY14521). We would like to thank them for their technical support and assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, C., Pei, X., Yue, S. et al. The Response of Spartina alterniflora Biomass to Soil Factors in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China. Wetlands 36, 229–235 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0732-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0732-0