Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A new global gridded sea surface temperature product constructed from infrared and microwave radiometer data using the optimum interpolation method

  • Published:
Acta Oceanologica Sinica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new 0.1° gridded daily sea surface temperature (SST) data product is presented covering the years 2003–2015. It is created by fusing satellite SST data retrievals from four microwave (WindSat, AMSR-E, ASMR2 and HY-2A RM) and two infrared (MODIS and AVHRR) radiometers (RMs) based on the optimum interpolation (OI) method. The effect of including HY-2A RM SST data in the fusion product is studied, and the accuracy of the new SST product is determined by various comparisons with moored and drifting buoy measurements. An evaluation using global tropical moored buoy measurements shows that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the new gridded SST product is generally less than 0.5°C. A comparison with US National Data Buoy Center meteorological and oceanographic moored buoy observations shows that the RMSE of the new product is generally less than 0.8°C. A comparison with measurements from drifting buoys shows an RMSE of 0.52–0.69°C. Furthermore, the consistency of the new gridded SST dataset and the Remote Sensing Systems microwave-infrared SST dataset is evaluated, and the result shows that no significant inconsistency exists between these two products.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barton I, Pearce A. 2006. Validation of GLI and other satellite-derived sea surface temperatures using data from the Rottnest Island ferry, Western Australia. Journal of Oceanography, 62(3): 303–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourlès B, Lumpkin R, McPhaden M J, et al. 2008. THE PIRATA program: history, accomplishments, and future directions. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 89(8): 1111–1126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chao Yi, Li Zhijin, Farrara J D, et al. 2009. Blending sea surface temperatures from multiple satellites and in situ observations for coastal oceans. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26(7): 1415–1426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guan Lei, Kawamura H. 2004. Merging satellite infrared and microwave SSTs: Methodology and evaluation of the new SST. Journal of Oceanography, 60(5): 905–912

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hosoda K, Qin Huiling. 2011. Algorithm for estimating sea surface temperatures based on Aqua/MODIS global ocean data. 1. Development and validation of the algorithm. Journal of Oceanography, 67(1): 135–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Høyer J L, Karagali I, Dybkjær G, et al. 2012. Multi sensor validation and error characteristics of Arctic satellite sea surface temperature observations. Remote Sensing of Environment, 121: 335–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu Xiaoyue, Zhang Caiyun, Shang Shaoling. 2015. Validation and inter-comparison of multi-satellite merged sea surface temperature products in the South China Sea and its adjacent waters. Journal of Remote Sensing (in Chinese), 19(2): 328–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Xingwei, Lin Mingsen, Liu Jianqiang, et al. 2012. The HY-2 satellite and its preliminary assessment. International Journal of Digital Earth, 5(3): 266–281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawai Y, Wada A. 2007. Diurnal sea surface temperature variation and its impact on the atmosphere and ocean: A review. Journal of Oceanography, 63(5): 721–744

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Aihua, Bo Yanchen, Zhu Yuxin, et al. 2013. Blending multi-resolution satellite sea surface temperature (SST) products using Bayesian maximum entropy method. Remote Sensing of Environment, 135: 52–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Ming, Liu Jiping, Zhang Zhanhai, et al. 2010. Evaluation of AMSR-E SST in the Southern Ocean using drifting buoy data. Haiyang Xuebao (in Chinese), 32(6): 47–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin M, Dash P, Ignatov A, et al. 2012. Group for High Resolution Sea Surface temperature (GHRSST) analysis fields inter-comparisons. Part I: A GHRSST multi-product ensemble (GMPE). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 77–80: 21–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McPhaden M J, Busalacchi A J, Cheney R, et al. 1998. The tropical ocean–global atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 103(C7): 14169–14240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McPhaden M J, Meyers G, Ando K, et al. 2009. RAMA: The research moored array for African-Asian-Australian monsoon analysis and prediction. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90(4): 459–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds R W, Marsico D C. 1993. An improved real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. Journal of Climate, 6(1): 114–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds R W, Rayner N A, Smith T M, et al. 2002. An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate. Journal of Climate, 15(13): 1609–1625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds R W, Smith T M. 1994. Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation. Journal of Climate, 7(6): 929–948

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds R W, Smith T M, Liu Chunying, et al. 2007. Daily high-resolution-blended analyses for sea surface temperature. Journal of Climate, 20(22): 5473–5496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw A G P, Vennell R. 2000. A front-following algorithm for AVHRR SST imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 72(3): 317–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song Qinglei. 2011. Processing of surface temperature data in East China Sea based on Kriging interpolation and effect analysis [dissertation]. Qingdao: The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Keguang, Zhang Jianhua, Wang Caixin. 2000. Objective analysis method of conventional SST data in the Northwest Pacific Ocean: I. Analysis of ten day average ship report data. Marine Forecasts (in Chinese), 17(4): 52–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Yanzhen, Guan Lei, Qu Liqin. 2010. Merging Sea surface temperature observed by satellite infrared and microwave radiometers using Kalman Filter. Periodical of Ocean University of China (in Chinese), 40(12): 126–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu Xiangqian, Menzel W P, Wade G S. 1999. Estimation of sea surface temperatures using GOES-8/9 radiance measurements. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 80(6): 1127–1138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xi Meng. 2011. Merging infrared radiometer and microwave radiometer Sea Surface Temperature data based on the optimum interpolation [dissertation]. Beijing: National Marine Environment Forecasting Center

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie Jiping, Zhu Jiang, Li Yan. 2008. Assessment and inter-comparison of five high-resolution sea surface temperature products in the shelf and coastal seas around China. Continental Shelf Research, 28(10): 1286–1293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zabolotskikh E, Mitnik L, Reul N, et al. 2014. New possibilities for geophysical parameter retrievals opened by GCOM-W1 AMSR2. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 8(9): 4248–4261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Hui. 2006. Merging AVHRR and AMSR-E sea surface temperature data based on wavelet transform [dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Yili, Zhu Jianhua, Lin Mingsen, et al. 2014. Assessment of the initial sea surface temperature product of the scanning microwave radiometer aboard on HY-2 satellite. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 33(1): 109–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Enze, Zhang Lei, Shi Hanqing, et al. 2016. Accuracy of WindSat sea surface temperature: Comparison of buoy data from 2004 to 2013. Journal of Remote Sensing (in Chinese), 20(2): 315–327

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank RSS, NSOAS, NASA, NOAA, GODAE respectively for providing the SST data of WindSat, AMSR-E, AMSR2, HY-2A RM, MODIS, AVHRR, moored buoys, Argo buoys and RSS WM_IR SSTs.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Weifu Sun, Jie Zhang, Yi Ma & Junmin Meng

  2. College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Jin Wang

  3. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China

    Lei Yang

  4. College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China

    Junwei Miao

Authors
  1. Weifu Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jie Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yi Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Junmin Meng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Lei Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Junwei Miao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jin Wang.

Additional information

Foundation item: The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2016YFA0600102; the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China under contract No. 2015T03; the State Oceanic Administration's Second Remote Sensing Survey of East India Ocean Environmental Parameters under contract No. GASI-02-IND-YGST2-04.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sun, W., Wang, J., Zhang, J. et al. A new global gridded sea surface temperature product constructed from infrared and microwave radiometer data using the optimum interpolation method. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 37, 41–49 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-018-1206-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-018-1206-4

Key words

Search

Navigation